Chapter 2 - Coordination And Response

Question 1

What do nerves contain

Answer 1

Neurons

Question 2

What form the central nervous system

Answer 2

The brain and spinal cord

Question 3

Describe the steps involved in a reflex action

Answer 3

1. A receptor detects stimulus
2. A sensory neuron transmits the impulse to the CNS
3. A relay neuron passes impulse on
4. A motor neuron is stimulated
5. The impulse passes to an effector (muscle or gland)
6. Action is taken (response)

Question 4

Where is FSH made

Answer 4

Pituitary glands

Question 5

What does FSH cause

Answer 5

Causes eggs to mature and oestrogen to be produced

Question 6

Where is oestrogen produced

Answer 6

The ovaries

Question 7

What does oestrogen do

Answer 7

Stops the further production of FSH. It stimulates the production of LH and also stimulates the womb lining to develop to receive the fertilised egg.

Question 8

Where is LH made

Answer 8

The pituitary glands

Question 9

What does LH do

Answer 9

Stimulates the mature egg to be released from the ovary

Question 10

What does the contraceptive pill do

Answer 10

Prevents the production of FSH so no eggs mature

Question 11

What is fertility treatment

Answer 11

Being given FSH and LH to produce mature eggs

Question 12

List two advantages of the contraceptive pills

Answer 12

• Contraceptive pills have helped reduce family size which has reduced poverty in some areas
• It allows women to plan their pregnancies

Question 13

List two disadvantages of contraceptive pills

Answer 13

• The contraceptive pill can cause side effects

* Some people object to its use for ethical or religious reasons

Question 14

Give an advantage of IVF

Answer 14

It helps couples have a baby

Question 15

List three disadvantages of IVF

Answer 15

• It’s an expensive process
• Some people think it is unethical when older women have babies by IVF
• Extra embryos produced may be stored or destroyed

Question 16

What internal conditions are controlled

Answer 16

• Water content
• Ion content
• Temperature
• Blood sugar level

Question 17

Why is it important to keep our temperature constant

Answer 17

Enzymes in the body will not work properly if the temperature is not constant

Question 18

What is the level of sugar in our blood controlled by

Answer 18

The pancreas

Question 19

What does phototropism mean

Answer 19

When plant shoots grow towards light

Question 20

What is gravitropism

Answer 20

When roots grown down towards gravity

Question 21

What is auxin

Answer 21

The hormone with controls phototropism and gravitropism

Question 22

What does unequal distribution of auxin cause

Answer 22

Unequal growth which results in the bending of the shoot or root

Question 23

What can plant growth hormones be used for

Answer 23

Can be used as weed killers and to stimulate root growth

Question 24

What side does the root grow on

Answer 24

The side with the least auxin making it bend down towards to force of gravity. When it had grown down the au in becomes evenly spread again

Question 25

What side does the shoot grow on

Answer 25

The side with the most auxin making it bend and grow up away from the force of gravity. When it has grown up, the auxin becomes evenly spread again.

Question 26

What are hormones used for when cuttings are taken from plants

Answer 26

It encourages roots to grow before the cutting is planted

Question 27

Give an example of how plant hormones can cause damage to the environment if used incorrectly

Answer 27

Weed killers may harm other more useful plants