Chapter 2 - Constitution Flashcards
popular sovereignty
the people are the source of any and all governmental power
limited government
government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights which can be taken away
separation of powers
government power (legislative, executive, judicial) is divided among independent and co-equal branches
checks and balances
system of overlapping powers to permit each branch to check (or limit) the powers of the others
judicial review
power of courts to uphold supremacy by declaring laws unconstitutional
federalism
power is divided between a central (national) government and several regional governments
constitution
a body of fundamental laws setting out the basic principles, structures, and processes of a government
two methods of preposal
- proposed by congress called by the national legislature on the application of 2/3 vote of both houses
- proposed by a national convention called by congress on the application of 2/3 of the state legislatures
two methods of ratification
- approved by state legislatures in 3/4 of the states
- approved by state conventions in 3/4 of the states
structures of the three banches
legislative :: congress
executive :: presidency
judicial :: supreme court
articles of the constitution
article i : legislative branch article ii : executive branch article iii : judicial branch article iv : states article v : amendment process article vi : supremacy of constitution, federal law article vii : ratification process
relegated powers
those powers (expressed, implied, inherent) granted to the national government
reserved powers
those powers held by the states
concurrent powers
powers held by both national and state governments
denied powers
powers forbidden by government, held by the people
extradition
the process by which a store requests and obtains from another state the surrender of a suspected or convinced criminal who flees justice in the state where the crime was commited
in 1215, barons force king to stop arbitrary actions against subjects.
- established rule of law
- guaranteed rights to subjects to include trial by jury
- due process of law
Magna Carta
petition of right of 1688 is when parliament limited which king’s powers?
King Charles
english bill of rights 1688 is when parliament gave throne to whom in return for
- guaranteed free elections
- elimination of peacetime standing armies
- right of petition
- fair and speed trials
William and Mary
limited government
government should not be all powerful; it should only be able to do what people allow it to do
representative government
government should serve the will of the people through elected officials
ordered government
government should function according to a known, set standard; not the whim of an individual
the thirteen colonies were also called
thirteen schools of government
in 1760, who ascended to the throne? the prime minister attempts to use him to reign in colonies; imposes restrictions
king george iii
