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Bio-205 > Chapter 2 Concept Questions > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Concept Questions Flashcards

Learn about media & the five I's

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Liquid is one of the ______ states which is used to classify microbial media.

A

physical

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2
Q

Media that contain at least one ingredient that is not chemically definable are called ______ or nonsynthetic.

A

complex

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3
Q

Media with a firmness midway between that of a broth (a liquid medium) and an ordinary solid medium are called ______ media.

A

semisolid

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4
Q

Select all that apply

Media ingredients that cannot be chemically defined include which of the following?

☐Blood and serum

☐Extracts of animals, plants, or yeasts

☐Sodium chloride

☐Disodium hydrogen phosphate

☐Cell secretions

A

☑Blood and serum

☑Extracts of animals, plants, or yeasts

☑Cell secretions

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5
Q

The polysaccharide found in a sea alga that is commonly used to prepare solid culture media is called ______.

A

agar

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6
Q

DNA detection technologies have shown that there are ______ microbes that we don’t know how to cultivate in the lab than those we do.

A

many more

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7
Q

Select all that apply

Which of the following attributes make agar an ideal solidifying agent for culturing media?

Multiple select question.

☐It is solid at room temperature.

☐It is readily available but expensive.

☐It is a nutrient for many microbes.

☐It holds moisture and nutrients.

A

☑It is solid at room temperature.

☑It holds moisture and nutrients.

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8
Q

Select all that apply

General purpose media ______.

Multiple select question.

☐include nutrient agar and broth

☐usually contain a mixture of nutrients

☐grow a broad spectrum of microbes

☐include Mannitol salt and MacConkey agar

☐are usually non-synthetic

☐are usually chemically defined synthetic media

A

☑include nutrient agar and broth

☑usually contain a mixture of nutrients

☑grow a broad spectrum of microbes

☑are usually non-synthetic

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9
Q

Which of the following media can be described precisely as to its chemical content?

Multiple choice question.

○Defined

○General purpose

○Brain-Heart Infusion Broth

○Complex

A

●Defined

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10
Q

Sabouraud’s agar restricts the growth of bacteria and is an example of a 1.[ ] medium, whereas Mannitol salt agar can determine which species of Staphylococcus is present, making it an example of a 2.[ ] medium.

A
  1. Selective
  2. Differential
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11
Q

Select all that apply

Which types of media contain at least one ingredient that is not chemically defined?

Multiple select question.

☐Complex

☐Chemically defined

☐Synthetic

☐Blood agar

A

☑Complex
☑Blood agar

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12
Q

Which term describes a discrete mound of cells growing on a solid nutrient surface?

Multiple choice question.

○ petri dish

○ assay medium

○ mixed culture

○ colony

A

●colony

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13
Q

All of the following are media ingredients that cannot be chemically defined EXCEPT

○ serum

○ blood

○ meat extracts or infusions

○ sodium chloride

A

●sodium chloride

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14
Q

“Inspection” begins the process using the Five “I” procedure for culturing microorganisms.

○True
○False

A

●False

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14
Q

Given the vast diversity of microbes in nature, _____ microbes can be cultured on artificial medium.

Multiple choice question.

○most

○all

○some

A

●some

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15
Q

Which type(s) of organisms are usually observed with light microscopes?

Multiple choice question.

○Prions

○Arthropods

○Bacteria

○Viruses

A

●Bacteria

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16
Q

General purpose media are characterized by ______.

Multiple choice question.

○allowing the growth of a broad range of microbes

○containing only one nonsynthetic nutrient

○being synthetic and chemically definable

A

●allowing the growth of a broad range of microbes

17
Q

Selective media cannot be differential.

○True
○False

A

False

18
Q

For a light microscope, the lens that is normally located directly above the stage is called the ______ lens.

A

objective

19
Q

When adequately separated from other cells, an individual bacterial cell can grow into a discrete mound of cells called a(n)

A

colonies

20
Q

Select all that apply

The total power of magnification of the final image is a product of the separate powers of which two microscope components?

Multiple select question.

☐objective lens

☐aperture

☐diaphragm

☐condenser

☐ocular lens

A

☑objective lens

☑ocular lens

21
Q

[ ] is part of the Five I’s of culturing microorganisms and is based on visual observations of microscopic and macroscopic growth characteristics.

A

Inspection

22
Q

This image of a Paramecium was obtained using _____ microscopy.

○bright-field

○dark-field

○fluorescence

○scanning electron

A

●bright-field

23
Q

The ______ microscope is used to visualize most types of bacteria.

○electron

○light

○atomic force

A

●light

24
Q

Select all that apply

The techniques used to prepare specimens for optical microscopy depend on ______.

Multiple select question.

☐The number of microbes present

☐The type of microscopy available

☐The aims of the examiner

☐The condition of the specimen

A

☑The type of microscopy available
☑The aims of the examiner
☑The condition of the specimen

25
Q

To which part of the microscope is the arrow pointing?

Multiple choice question.

○objective lens

○coarse adjustment knob

○ocular lens

A

●objective lens

26
Q

A specimen for [ ] microscopy is generally prepared first by placing a sample on a glass slide.

A

light or optical

27
Q

The total power of magnification is calculated by the product of the separate powers of the 1.[ ] lens and the 2.[ ] lens.

A

1.ocular
2.objective

28
Q

Visualization of living, motile cells can be achieved using a(n)
[ ] mount.

A

wet

29
Q

Which type of microscopy was used to obtain this image of a Paramecium?

Multiple choice question.

○dark-field

○scanning electron

○bright-field

○fluorescence

A

●dark-field

30
Q

Select all that apply

A hanging drop slide is used to assess which of the following?

Multiple select question.

☐Motility

☐Ability to ferment lactose

☐Size of cells

☐Ability to retain dye

A

☑Motility
☑Size of cells

31
Q

The aims of the examiner, such as whether to observe overall structure or to observe motility, influence the manner in which specimen is prepared for optical microscopy.

○True
○False

A

●True

32
Q

Spreading a thin film made from a liquid suspension of cells on a slide and air drying it are steps involved in making a [ ]

A

smear or fixed smear

33
Q

General purpose media are characterized by ______.

Multiple choice question.

○allowing the growth of a broad range of microbes

○containing only one nonsynthetic nutrient

○being synthetic and chemically definable

A

●allowing the growth of a broad range of microbes

34
Q

To simultaneously kill and secure a specimen to the glass slide,

[ ] is used in smear preparation.

A

heat fixation

35
Q

A specimen for optical microscopy is generally prepared first by ______.

Multiple choice question.

○mounting the sample on a glass slide

○killing the sample

○using a fixative on the sample

○staining the sample in solution

A

●mounting the sample on a glass slide

36
Q

The procedure that involves applying colored chemicals (dyes) to specimens is called [ ]

A

staining

37
Q

A wet mount is suitable for observing ______.

Multiple choice question.

○dry, motile or non-motile cells

○living, motile or non-motile cells

○stained, motile or non-motile cells

A

●living, motile or non-motile cells

38
Q

Select all that apply

Which three of the following are needed to prepare a hanging drop slide?

Multiple select question.

☐A coverslip

☐Metal coating

☐A depression slide

☐An anionic dye

☐A standard glass slide

☐Sealant

A

☑A coverslip

☑A depression slide

☑Sealant

39
Q

Select all that apply

What is involved in making a smear?

Multiple select question.

☐Air drying a liquid application on a glass slide

☐Applying a liquid suspension to a cover slip

☐Staining the slide background and then applying cells

☐Spreading a thin film of suspended cells on a glass slide

A

☑Air drying a liquid application on a glass slide

☑Spreading a thin film of suspended cells on a glass slide

40
Q

Select all that apply

Heat fixing a sample in microscopy is used for ______.

Multiple select question.

☐making a more permanent mount for long-term study

☐simultaneously killing and securing the sample to the slide

☐drying the liquid used to make the smear

☐highlighting cell structure for observation

☐preserving various cellular components in a natural state

A

☑making a more permanent mount for long-term study

☑simultaneously killing and securing the sample to the slide

☑preserving various cellular components in a natural state

41
Q

Any procedure that applies colored chemicals to specimens is called ______.

Multiple choice question.

○marking

○staining

○fixing

○shadowing

A

●staining

Bio-205 (2 decks)

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