Chapter 2 Cognitive and Language Development Study Guide Flashcards
What is:
Descriptive research?
Ch. 3
Basic information about varibales without making connections between them.
Or: systematically explaining a situation factually & accurately.
What is:
Correlational research?
Ch. 3
To assess how changes in one variable correspond with changes in another variable.
Or: To answer questions about connection between variable.
What is:
Quasi-experiemental research?
Ch. 3
To infer a cause-effect relationship without random assignment or manipulation of the independent variable.
What is:
Experimental research?
Ch. 3
To establish a cause-effect relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable.
Where independent is treatment or intervention; dependent is outcome
What is the:
Biological process of development?
It produces changes in the child’s body and underlie brain development, height and weight gains, motor skills, and puberty hormonal changes.
Genetic inheritance plays a large part.
What is the:
Cognitive process of development?
It means changes in the child’s thinking, intelligence, and langauge.
Enables a growing child to imagine how to solve a math problem.
What is the:
Socioemotional process of development?
The change in the child’s relationships with other people, changes in emotion, and changes in personality.
Enables a growing child to imagine how to solve a math problem.
How are biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processess intertwined?
Intentional connections and responses to other human beings are dependent on all three processess.
What is the:
Nature vs. Nurture debate?
The debate about whether development is primarily influenced by biological inheritance or by environmental experiences.
What is an example of development that is primarily influenced by nature?
Biological inheritance
A baby inherits genes from both parents at conception
What is an example of development that is primarily influenced by nurture?
Environmental experiences
Nutrition, stress, learning, child care, and/or encouragement.
What is the:
Continuity vs Discontinuity debate?
The extent to which development involved gradual, cumulative change or distinct stages.
Nurture being desribed as the gradual process, like a seedling’s growth into an oak; Nature being described as a series of distinct stages, like the change from caterpillar to butterfly.
What is the:
Stability vs. Change Debate?
What is the:
Early vs. Late Experiences Debate?
Focuses on the degree to which early experiences or later experiences are the key determinants of a child’s development.
Can harmful early experiences be later overcome by positive ones or are they unable to be overridden by a later, better environment?
What is the specialization of functions in each hemisphere of the brain called?
Lateralization
The specialization of functions in each hemisphere of the brain
