Chapter 2: Classification of Variables

Question 1

is any factor or property that a researcher measures, controls, and/or manipulates in a research study.

Answer 1

Variable

Question 2

a variable is also called?

Answer 2

data item

Question 3

CLASSIFICATION OF VARIABLES

Answer 3

1. NUMERIC VARIABLES
2. CATEGORICAL VARIABLES
3. EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES
4. NON- EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES
5. VARIABLES ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER BEING STUDIED

Question 4

variables with values that describe a measurable numerical quantity and answer the questions “how many” or “how much”

“Quantitative data”

Answer 4

numeric variables

Question 5

NUMERIC VARIABLES:

Answer 5

1. Continuous Variables
2. DIscrete Variables

Question 6

can assume any value between a certain set of real numbers.

Answer 6

Continuous Variables

Question 7

continuous variables s also called

Answer 7

“interval variables”

Question 8

Examples: time, age, temperature, height, weight

Answer 8

Continuous Variables

Question 9

the values depend on the scale used.

Answer 9

Continuous Variables

Question 10

can assume any whole value within the limits of the given variables

Answer 10

Discrete Variables

Question 11

Examples: number of registered cars, number of business locations, number of children in the family, population of students, total number of faculty members

Answer 11

Discrete Variables

Question 12

variables with values that describe a quality or characteristic of a data unit like “what type” or “which category”

Answer 12

CATEGORICAL VARIABLES

Question 13

CATEGORICAL VARIABLES

Answer 13

1. Ordinal Variables
2. Nominal Variables
3. Dichotomous Variables
4. Polychotomous Variables

Question 14

these variables can take a value which can be logically ordered or ranked

Answer 14

Ordinal Variables

Question 15

Examples: academic grades such as A,B,C; clothing size such as X, L, M, S; and measures of attitudes like strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree.

Answer 15

Ordinal Variables

Question 16

variables whose values cannot be organized in a logical sequence

Answer 16

Nominal Variables

Question 17

Examples: business types, eye colors, kinds of religion, various languages, types of learners

Answer 17

Nominal Variables

Question 18

these variables represent only two categories

Answer 18

Dichotomous Variables

Question 19

Examples: gender (male and female), answer (yes or no), veracity (true or false)

Answer 19

Dichotomous Variables

Question 20

variables that have many categories

Answer 20

Polychotomous Variables

Question 21

Examples: educational attainment (elementary, high school, college, graduate, and postgraduate), level of performance (excellent, very good, good, satisfactory, or poor)

Answer 21

Polychotomous Variables

Question 22

EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES :

Answer 22

1. Independent Variables
2. Dependent Variables
   3, Extraneous Variables

Question 23

these variables are usually manipulated in an experiment

“Manipulated or Explanatory Variable”

Answer 23

Independent Variables

Question 24

these variables are usually affected by the manipulation of the independent variables

“Response or Predicted Variable”

Answer 24

Dependent Variables

Question 25

these variables are already existing during the conduct of an experiment and could influence the result of the study “mediating or intervening variables, covariate variables”

Answer 25

Extraneous Variables

Question 26

Title of Research: An Experiment on the Methods of Teaching and Language Achievement Among Elementary Pupils 1. ________ Variable: Method of teaching 2. ________ Variable: Language achievement 3. ________ Variables: Ventilation facilities; Physical ambiance

Answer 26

1. Independent 2. Dependent 3. Extraneous

Question 27

NON- EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES :

Answer 27

1. Predictor Variables 2. Criterion Variables

Question 28

these variables changes the other variable/s in a non-experimental study

Answer 28

Predictor Variables

Question 29

these variables are usually influenced by the predictor variables

Answer 29

Criterion Variables

Question 30

Examples: Title of Research: Competencies of Teachers and Students’ Behavior in Selected Private Schools 1. ______ Variable: Competencies of teachers 2. ______ Variable: Students’ behavior

Answer 30

1. Predictor 2. Criterion

Question 31

VARIABLES ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER BEING STUDIED

Answer 31

1. Univariate study 2. Bivariate study 3. Polyvariate study

Question 32

only one variable is being studied.

Answer 32

Univariate study

Question 33

two variables are being studied

Answer 33

Bivariate study

Question 34

More than two variables are being studied

Answer 34

Polyvariate study