Chapter 2: Chemical Basis of Life Flashcards
Define Bulk Elements
Elements that the body requires in large amounts
Define Trace Elements
Elements required in small amounts in body
Define Isotopes
Atoms that have the same atomic number but different atomic weights
Define Molecule
When two or more atoms combine
Define Chemical Bonds
When atoms combine with other atoms and form bonds from interactions of electrons
First shell can hold how many electrons
2
Second shell can hold how many electrons
8
Third shell can hold how many electrons
8
Define Ions
Atoms that gain or lose electrons and become electrically charged
Define Covalent Bond
A chemical bond between atoms that share e-
Define Ionic Bonds
The bond between charged atoms
Define Polar Molecule
Molecule with uneven distribution of charges
Define Synthesis Rxns
When two or more atoms, ions, or molecules form a more complex structure
A + B —> C
Define Decomposition Rxns
When the bonds of a reactant molecule break to form simpler molecules, ions, and atoms.
AB —> A + B
Define Exchange Rxns
Parts of two different types of molecules trade positions as bonds are broken are new ones are formed
AB + CD —> AD + CB
