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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 2 Causes of Abnormal behavior > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Causes of Abnormal behavior Flashcards

1
Q

Etiology

A

causes of the disorder

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2
Q

Biopsychosocial model

A

Integrates evidence from biological, psychological, and social dimensions

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3
Q

Biological Paradigm

A

abnormal behavior stems from biological causes

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4
Q

Psychodynamic paradigm

A

abnormal behavior stems from unconscious mental conflicts that are rooted in childhood experiences

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5
Q

Freud

A

sexuality in development through adolescence

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6
Q

Defence Mechanisms

A

Denial, Projection, Displacement, Sublimation, Reaction Formation, rationalization, repression

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7
Q

Denial

A

memory never occurred or did not exist

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8
Q

Projection

A

attributing one’s own feelings to others.

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9
Q

Displacement

A

feelings are transferred to a less threatening object

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10
Q

Reaction formation

A

turning a painful feeling or experience into it’s opposite

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11
Q

Repression

A

Hiding a memory away from consciousness

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12
Q

Sublimation

A

modifying an impulses into one that is socially acceptable

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13
Q

Rationalization

A

Justifying

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14
Q

Cognitive-Behavioral Paradigm

A

Abnormal behavior as a product of learning

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15
Q

Causality

A

evaluating the causes of a mental disorder based on a number of factors instead of one

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16
Q

Equifinality

A

Many routes that lead to the same disorder

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17
Q

Multifinality

A

One route that leads to many different disorderds

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18
Q

Diathesis-Stress Model

A

a disorder is activated due to a combination of a diathesis,

, stress, and risk factors.

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19
Q

Reciprocal causality

A

bidirectional causality

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20
Q

Neuron

A

billions of tiny nerve cells that serve as the building blocks for the brain

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21
Q

Synapse

A

gaps between neurons

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22
Q

Dendrite

A

branches that receive messages from other neurons

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23
Q

Treatment for Schizophrenia

A

blocks dopamine receptors

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24
Q

Treatment of Depression

A

inhibits reuptake of serotonin

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25
Q

Parts of the Hindbrain

A

Medulla
Pons
cerebellum

26
Q

Hindbrain

A

responsible for basic bodily functions

27
Q

Midbrain

A

responsible for motor activities

reticular activating system - sleeping waking

28
Q

Forebrain

A

responsible for sensory, emotional, cognitive processes

29
Q

Limbic System

A

forebrain connects to midbrain and hindbrain
responsible for emotion and learning
Hypothalamus and Thalamus
(forebrain)

30
Q

medulla

A

blood pressure, heart rate, respiration

hindbrain

31
Q

pons

A

stages of sleep

hindbrain

32
Q

cerebellum

A

physical coordination

hindbrain

33
Q

Reticular activating system

A

responsible for sleeping and waking

midbrain

34
Q

Thalamus

A

receives and integrates sensory information from sensory organs and high brain functions
(forebrain)

35
Q

Hypothalamus

A

controls basic biological urges for drink, eat, sex

forebrain

36
Q

Cerebral hemispheres

A

left - language
right - spatial organization
(forebrain)

37
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

connects left and right hemispheres
coordinates functioning
(forebrain)

38
Q

Ventricles

A

chambers of the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid

forebrain

39
Q

cortex

A

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

40
Q

frontal

A

reasoning, planning, emotion, speech, and movement

41
Q

parietal

A

receives and integrates sensory information along with playing a role in spatial reasoning

42
Q

occipital

A

receives and interprets visual information

43
Q

temporal

A

processes smells and sounds

regulates emotion, memory, learning

44
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

involuntary regulates the function of various body functions

45
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

voluntary regulates muscular control

46
Q

Sympathetic nervous systems

A

increased arousal and energy; fight or flight

47
Q

parasympathetic nervous systems

A

decreasing of arousal and energy

48
Q

Behavior Genetics

A

study genetic influences on behavior

49
Q

Genes

A

carry information on heredity
located on chromosomes
humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes

50
Q

Polygenic

A

mental disorders are influenced by many genes

51
Q

genotype

A

actual genetic structure

52
Q

phenotype

A

expression of the genotype after influences such as experience and environment

53
Q

Adoption studies

A

adopted parents vs biological parents

54
Q

Natural selection

A

new generations adapt successfully to environmental problems

55
Q

Attachment Theory

A

critical factor in development is quality of attachment formed between infant and parent
(bowlby)

56
Q

Temperament

A 
Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
57
Q

Emotions

A 
Joy
Surprise
Love
Anger 
Fear 
Sadness
58
Q

Modeling

A

learning through imitation

59
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

punishment and rewards

Skinner

60
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

automatic response
conditional stimulus and response - result after pairing
unconditional stimulus and response- existed prior to pairing
Pavlov

Abnormal Psychology (2 decks)

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