Chapter 2- Carbohydrates and lipid

Question 1

Alpha glucose and beta glucose

Answer 1

Alpha glucose CH2OH——O

-OH group lies below in alpha glucose and upwards in beta glucose

Question 2

Monomers

Answer 2

Simple molecule used as a building blocks for the synthesis: a polymer

Question 3

Polymers

Answer 3

Giant molecule made up of many repeating subunits joined together

Question 4

Monosaccharides

Answer 4

Sugar molecule
Soluble in water
General formula CH2O
Made up of 1molecule and 3groups 
                                                 🔸trioxes3C
 🔸pentoses5C
🔸hexoses6C

Question 5

Disaccharide
&
Polysaccharide

Answer 5

A sugar molecule / a polymer
2monosaccharides join together/ many monosaccharides
By condensation
From a glycosidic bond

Question 6

Formation of glycosidic bond

Answer 6

🔸A glycosidic bond is formed when water molecule is removed .
🔸 disaccharide maltose = glucose + glucose
🔸sucrose = glucose + fructose
🔸 lactose = glucose + galactose

Question 7

Breakage of glycosidic bond

Answer 7

🔸 Breakage = hydrolysis reaction which includes addition of a water molecule
🔸eg of disaccharides: sucrose ( glucose + fructose)
🔸 sucrose is a non reducing sugar ( no color change)
🔸 but it’s two monomers are reducing sugars
SUCROSE hydrolysed with dil HCL to hydrolyse glycosidic bond —> solution neutralized by adding solid NaHCO3—->test with ben