Chapter 2-Atoms ions and compounds Flashcards
What are the relative masses and charges of Electrons, Protons and Neutrons?
- Electron-1/1836 Ar, Relative charge 1
- Proton-1 Ar, Relative charge 1
- Neutron- 1 Ar, Relative charge 0
What is relative atomic mass (Ar)
The weighted mean mass of an atom, relative to 1/12th the mass of a carbon 12 atom.
What is relative isotopic mass?
The mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of a carbon 12 atom.
What is 1/12th of a Carbon 12 atom also referred to as?
U
How does a mass spectrometer work?
- Sample enters
- Heated up until it is vapourised
- An electron beam source removes electrons creating +1 ions
- Ions are accelerated in an electric field
- The heavier isotopes are bent less by the magnet
- A mass spectrum is produced
What is the mass to charge ratio of an atom?
mz⁻¹
What is the formula of an ammonium ion?
NH₄⁺
What is the formula of a hydroxide ion?
OH⁻
What is the formula for a nitrate ion?
NO₃⁻
What is the formula of a nitrite ion?
NO₂⁻
What is the formula of a hydrogen-carbonate ion?
HCO₃⁻
What is the formula of a permanganate ion?
MnO₄⁻
What is the formula of a carbonate ion?
CO₃²⁻
What is the formula of a sulfate ion?
SO₄²⁻
What is the formula of a sulfite ion?
SO₃²⁻
What is the formula of a Dichromate ion?
Cr₂O₇²⁻
What is the formula of a thiosulfate ion?
S₂O₃²⁻
What is the formula of a phosphate ion?
PO₄³⁻
What does diotomic mean?
Existing in molecules of 2 atoms
What are + ions?
Cations
What are - ions?
Anions
What does it mean when a molecule ends in ‘ite’ rather than ‘ate’?
It has one less oxygen atom in the molecule
