chapter 2: atoms, ions and compounds

Question 1

what does the nucleus consist of?

Answer 1

• made up of two types of subatomic particles
• protons and neutrons

Question 2

what are electrons?

Answer 2

• a subatomic particle, which occupies the region around the nucleus

Question 3

how are electrons arranged around the nucleus?

Answer 3

• arranged in shells around the nucleus

Question 4

what is the charge of a proton?

Answer 4

+1

Question 5

what is the charge of an electron?

Answer 5

-1

Question 6

what is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 6

0

Question 7

what is the relative mass of a proton?

Answer 7

1

Question 8

what is the relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 8

1

Question 9

what is the relative mass of an electron?

Answer 9

1/1836

Question 10

what is the overall charge of an atom? why? (explain in terms of subatomic particles)

Answer 10

• the overall charge of an atom is 0.
• the total positive charge from protons is cancelled by the total negative charge of the electrons

Question 11

what are isotopes?

Answer 11

• atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 12

how is mass number represented using chemical notation?

Answer 12

• represented as “A”
  A = number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 13

how is atomic number represented using chemical notation?

Answer 13

• represented as “Z”
  Z = number of protons
  (and so the number of electrons)

Question 14

how to find the number of neutrons?

Answer 14

• A - Z
• mass number - atomic number

Question 15

do isotopes of the same element react in the same way or in a different way?

Answer 15

• they react in the same way