Chapter 2 - Atoms, Ions and Compounds Flashcards
Atomic structure and isotopes, Relative mass and Formulae and equations
What makes up the nucleus?
Protons and neutrons
What occupies the region around the nucleus?
Electrons
How are electrons arranged?
In shells around the nucleus
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
What charge does a neutron have?
0
It is neutral
Why do atoms have no overall charge?
Same number of electrons and protons so the charges cancel out.
What does atomic number represent?
The number of protons.
What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but with different numbers of neutrons.
What does mass number represent?
The number of protons and neutrons.
Do isotopes react differently?
No because chemical reactions involve electrons not neutrons.
What is an ion?
A charged atom. Where the number of electrons and the number of protons differ.
What are cations?
Positive ions, atoms with fewer electrons than protons.
What are anions?
Negative ions, atoms with more electrons than protons.
What is relative isotopic mass?
The mass of an isotope relative to 1/12 th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.