Chapter 2-Atoms

Question 0

Polar

Answer 0

covalent bond unequal sharing *pulls on one than the other

-when you hAve a large molecule and a small molecule

Question 1

How many electrons go in the 2nd+ shells?

Answer 1

8

Question 2

What is the fundamental structural unit or elements?

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

What are the parts of the atom?

Answer 3

Proton
Neutron
Electron
Nucleus

Question 4

Does a proton have a positive or negative charge?

Answer 4

Positive

Question 5

FACT

Answer 5

Electrons are dynamic- they can can capture and release energy

Question 6

What about the chemical composition of water helps explain it’s unique properties?

Answer 6

It has hydrogen bonds

Cohesion causes surface tension

Question 7

What are the “building blocks” of life?

Answer 7

Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen

Question 8

A neutron has a ______ charge

Answer 8

Neutral

Question 9

Cohesion

Answer 9

Water molecules are attracted to each other

Question 11

What are the three types of bonds?

Answer 11

Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds
Hydrogen bonds

Question 12

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 12

Transfer electrons if valence she’ll is not full

*Ex) sodium, chlorine

Question 13

Which bond transfers electrons if valence she’ll I’d not full ?

Answer 13

Ionic bonds

Question 14

If an atom loses an electron is it positively or negatively charged?

Answer 14

Positive

Question 15

Covalent bonds

Answer 15

They share equally

*Ex) DNA

Question 16

Non-polar

Answer 16

Equal sharing

*Ex) pulls equally on both

Question 17

Hydrogen bond

Answer 17

The partial positive charge of one is attracted to the partial negative charge if the other.
**they are individually weak but strong together

Question 18

What are the most common elements in organisms

Answer 18

Carbon
Hydrogen 
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus 
Sulfur

Question 19

What happens when an electron jumps from a lower shell to a higher shell and vice versa?

Answer 19

Lower > Higher
*energy is absorbed bumping electrons to a higher energy level

Higher > Lower
*energy was released pushing electrons back to lower energy level when energy was released as heat or light

Question 20

Adhesion

Answer 20

Water molecules attract to other things

Question 21

Cohesion example

Answer 21

• *Causes surface tension allowing the twitchy bugs to skip across the surface
• *helps pull water up to talk tree tops

Question 22

Heat capacity of water, explain

Answer 22

Water has a high specific heat which means it moderates the effects of temperature changes. This is why we are able to sit in the sun/hear for so long

Question 23

Hydrophobic

Answer 23

Water insoluble molecules

Afraid of water

Question 24

Define-Solution

Answer 24

A solvent containing one or more dissolved substances

Question 25

What is an atom?

Answer 25

The fundamental structural units of elements

Question 28

How many electrons go in the first shell?

Answer 28

Two

Question 28

An electron has a _______ charge

Answer 28

Negative

Question 28

Adhesion example

Answer 28

Gives water sticky tendency allows small thin roots to absorb water

Question 30

What is a universal solvent, explain.

Answer 30

Waters polar nature attracts it to other polar molecules allowing it to become a solution to most anything.
It is a solvent to many molecules important to life: salt, sugar, oxygen, etc

Question 30

Density of ice

Answer 30

When water forms a solid it expands

*this is unique because it becomes less dense

Question 30

Hydrophilic

Answer 30

What soluble molecule

Question 32

Pure water is _______.

Answer 32

Neutral

Question 33

Define-solvent

Answer 33

A substance that dissolves (completely surrounds and disperses)

Question 34

True or false?

An inert atom will not react with another atom.

Answer 34

True

Question 34

What are the two types or covalent bonds?

Answer 34

Polar

Non-polar