Chapter 2: Atomic Structure and Interatomic Bonding Flashcards
Mass of Electrons:
9.11 x 10 ^-31 kg
Mass of Protons / Neutrons
1.67 x 10 ^ - 27 kg
Atomic Number
Protons in nucleus of atom = # of electrons in neutral species
Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)
1 / 12 the mass of 12C
Atomic Weight
Wt of 6.022 x 10 ^23 molecules of atoms
1 amu / atom = 1 g / mol
Electron Behavior
Wave-like / particle-like characteristics
Probability of electron’s being at various locations around the nucleus
Energy States
Electrons have discrete energy states
Tend to occupy the lowest available energy state
Electron configuration in most elements
Not stable; Valence (outer) shell usually not filled completely
Quantum Numbers
Characterization of electrons in an atom through 4 parameters
4 Parameters of Quantum Numbers
Principle Quantum Number (n)
Angular momentum ( I)
Magnetic (m)
Spin (s)
Principle Number (n)
Distance from nucleus
Angular Momentum (I)
Shape of Orbital
Magnetic (m)
Orientation in space
Spin (s)
Electron Spin
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Each energy level can only hold no more than two electrons of opposite spin
