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Biology 1 And Lab > Chapter 2 and 3 Elements Of Life & Molecular Diversity > Flashcards

Chapter 2 and 3 Elements Of Life & Molecular Diversity Flashcards

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1
Q

Which are the elements that can form covalent bonds?

A

SCHNOP

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2
Q

what is a covalent bond?

A

sharing of electrons

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3
Q

why is carbon such an important compound?

A

It can make up to 4 covalent bonds

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4
Q

What is Ph?

A

how many hydroxyl and hydroxide ions a solution have

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5
Q

Acidic solutions are

A

high in Hydrogen

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6
Q

Basic solutions are

A

Low on hydrogen

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7
Q

what is the importance of PH?

A

it controls the shape of the protein, specializes in functions of organelles, and pumps hydrogen for metabolism and transport of cells.

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8
Q

Hydrophobic

A

hates water (breaks)

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9
Q

hydrophilic

A

loves water (doesn’t break)

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10
Q

what is a non polar element?

A

equal share of electrons (no charge)

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11
Q

What is a polar element?

A

unequal share

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12
Q

Example of non-polar

A

Oil and Fats

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13
Q

Low pH can

A

donate protons

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14
Q

High pH can

A

neutralize acids

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15
Q

buffer

A

neutralizer of a solution

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16
Q

hydrolysis

A

catabolism, adds H2O

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17
Q

dehydration

A

anabolism, removes h2o

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18
Q

what are the main 4 macromolecules

A

carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and proteins

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19
Q

what does carbohydrates contain?

A

carbon, hydrogen and lots of oxygen

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20
Q

what are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

A

monossacharides

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21
Q

what are the functions of carbohydrates?

A

transport of food in plants, create glucose.

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22
Q

what is a nucleic acid made of?

A

Nitrogen , -phosphorus , ribose

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23
Q

what are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

A

Adenosine triphosphate , rna and dna

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24
Q

what are the functions of nucleic acids?

A

Store information and creates protein

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25
Q

what makes up proteins?

A

Amino, hydrogen, carboxyl, and r group

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26
Q

what are the building blocks of protein?

A

Amino acids

27
Q

what are the functions of proteins?

A

To create all important acids in the body

28
Q

what are lipids made of?

A

Hydrogens and carbons

29
Q

what are the building blocks of lipids?

A

Fatty acids

30
Q

what are the functions of lipids?

A

Stores energy

31
Q

what makes an amino acid different from other molecules?

A

it contains an R-group

32
Q

What are the bonds that hold proteins ?

A

Peptide bonds

33
Q

What is the component of paper?

A

Cellulose

34
Q

What is the component of bread?

A

Starch

35
Q

What is starch considered?

A

Carbohydrate

36
Q

Saturated

A

No double bonds and polar tail

37
Q

Unsaturated

A

One double bond

38
Q

How many structures do proteins have?

A

4

39
Q

Hair protein with heat

A

Physical change and changes 2nd position

40
Q

Protein of perm in hair

A

Changes tertiary and chemical change

41
Q

monomer

A

single tier

42
Q

dehydration synthesis

A

removal of water once the hydrogen from one group is added to a hydroxyl group

43
Q

hydrolysis

A

adding water (breaks covalent bond)

44
Q

molecule that can dissolve in water is classified as

A

polar

45
Q

molecule that cannot dissolve in water is classified as

A

non polar

46
Q

carbohydrates are polar or non polar?

A

polar

47
Q

nucleic acids are polar or non polar?

A

polar

48
Q

proteins are polar or non polar?

A

it depends, some are polar some are non polar.

49
Q

lipids are -polar or non polar?

A

non polar

50
Q

what is the advantage of being polar?

A

easy to break in water and allows macromolecules to spread around the systems

51
Q

is butter unsaturated or saturated?

A

saturated

52
Q

is oil unsaturated or saturated?

A

unsaturated

53
Q

if a protein is folded, does it change its structure?

A

no

54
Q

would a saturated fat look straight or dented?

A

straight

55
Q

would a unsaturated fat look straight or dented?

A

dented

56
Q

are unsaturated fats good for you?

A

yes

57
Q

are saturated fats good for you?

A

depends on the amount of sugar you intake

58
Q

are trans fat healthy?

A

no

59
Q

what is the phospholipid bilayer made of?

A

phosphate polar head and non polar tail

60
Q

prostaglandin

A

local hormone

61
Q

pain and inflammation can be treated by

A

ibuprofen and aspirins

62
Q

is cholesterol bad for you?

A

not bad

63
Q

what are the reproductive organ hormones?

A

estrogen and testosterone

64
Q

what are terpenes?

A

steroids found on essential oils, menthol, vitamin a

Biology 1 And Lab (3 decks)

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