Chapter 2- Anatomy

Question 1

What are the major branches of the Right Coronary Artery (RCA)

What areas of the heart do they supply?

Answer 1

1. Right (acute) marginal artery- Supplies the RV
2. Posterior Descending Artery/inter ventricular artery (PDA)
   Supplies- Posterior 1/3 of the inter-ventricular septum
   - Posterior walls of the ventricles
   - Posterior-medial papillary muscle

Question 2

What are the branches of the Left Coronary Artery (LCA)

What parts of the heart do they supply?

Answer 2

1. Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD)
   Supplies- Anterior 2/3 of the inter-ventricular septum
   - Antero-lateral papillary muscles
   - Anterior surface of the LV
2. Left Circumflex coronary artery (LCX)
   Supplies- Lateral and posterior walls of the LV
   - Antero-lateral papillary mm.

Question 3

Which artery supplies the SA & AV nodes

What are the complications that can arise from infarct to these nodes?

Answer 3

1. RCA

2. Nodal dysfunction (Bradycardia, heart block)

Question 4

What happens in a Right dominant Circulation?

What percentage of people have this?

Answer 4

PDA is derived from the RCA

85%

Question 5

What happens in left dominant circulation?

What percentage of people have this?

Answer 5

PDA arises from LCX

8%

Question 6

What happens in co-dominant circulation?

What percentage of people have this?

Answer 6

PDA arises from both RCA & LCX

7%

Question 7

What is the most common site for coronary occlusion?

Answer 7

LAD

Question 8

At what stage if the cardiac cycle does the coronary blood flow peak?

Answer 8

Early diastole

Question 9

What is the most posterior part of the heart?

What symptoms can enlargement of this part cause?

Answer 9

1. LA
2. Dysphagia- due to compression of the esophagus
   Hoarseness- due to compression of the left recurrent laryngeal
   nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve.

Question 10

What are the 3 layers of the pericardium (outer-inner)?

Answer 10

Fibrous pericardium

Parietal layer of the serous pericardium
Visceral layer if the serous pericardium

Pericardial cavity lies between the parietal and visceral layer.