Chapter 2 additional terms

Question 1

Anabolism

Answer 1

The process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids. Occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 2

Catabolism

Answer 2

Breaking down of proteins to make fuel, occurs in the mitochondria.

Question 3

4 Types of tissues

Answer 3

Epithelial, Muscle, Connective, Nerve

Question 4

4 Types of cells

Answer 4

Epithelial, Fat, Nerve, Muscle

Question 5

Cell Membrane

Answer 5

The outer part of the cell

Question 6

Chromosomes

Answer 6

The thing that holds the DNA

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

The fluid that fills the most of the cell

Question 8

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

the place where Anabolism happens, looks like a maze

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

The whole process of Anabolism and catabolism

Question 10

Mitochondria

Answer 10

the powerhouse of the cell, where catabolism happens

Question 11

Larynx

Answer 11

Voice box

Question 12

Pharynx, throat

Answer 12

Passage way for food and air

Question 13

Pituitary Gland

Answer 13

base of brain

Question 14

Thyroid gland

Answer 14

Surrounding the trachea in the neck

Question 15

Trachea, windpipe

Answer 15

throat to bronchial tubes

Question 16

Viscera

Answer 16

Internal Organs

Question 17

Epiglottis

Answer 17

Thing that covers the trachea when swallowing

Question 18

Nasopharynx

Answer 18

Top of the pharynx, located at the end of the nasal cavity

Question 19

Oropharynx

Answer 19

Middle of pharynx, contains the tongue and soft pallet

Question 20

Laryngopharynx

Answer 20

Bottom of Pharynx, contains the epiglottis and voice box

Question 21

Cervical (spinal column)

Answer 21

C1 - C7 (in the neck)

Question 22

Thoracic (Spinal column)

Answer 22

T1 - T12 (Chest to mid back)

Question 23

Lumbar (Spinal column)

Answer 23

L1 - L5 (lower back)

Question 24

Sacral (spinal column)

Answer 24

fused together, 2nd to bottom bit of spine

Question 25

Coccyx

Answer 25

the tailbone, bottom of spine

Question 26

Cranial cavity

Answer 26

Skull, brain

Question 27

Thoracic cavity

Answer 27

Contains the heart, aorta, trachea, lungs, diaphragm, esophagus, bronchial tubes, thymus gland

Question 28

Abdominal cavity

Answer 28

Stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver, gall bladder

Question 29

Pelvic cavity

Answer 29

Portions of the small and large intestines, bladder, rectum, urethra, ureters; uterus and vagina in female

Question 30

Spinal cavity

Answer 30

Nerves of the spinal cord

Question 31

Mediastinum

Answer 31

space between the lungs

Question 32

Karyotype

Answer 32

Picture of the chromosomes in the cell nucleus

Question 33

Peritoneum

Answer 33

Double-folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity

Question 34

Pleura

Answer 34

Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung

Question 35

Anterior (ventral)

Answer 35

Front side of body

Question 36

Posterior (dorsal)

Answer 36

Back side of body

Question 37

Deep

Answer 37

Away from the surface

Question 38

Superficial

Answer 38

On the surface

Question 39

Proximal

Answer 39

Near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of the structure

Question 40

Distal

Answer 40

Far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of the structure

Question 41

Inferior

Answer 41

Below another structure

Question 42

Superior

Answer 42

Above another structure

Question 43

Medial

Answer 43

Pertaining to the middle, or nearer the medial plane of the body

Question 44

Lateral

Answer 44

Pertaining to the side

Question 45

Supine

Answer 45

Laying on the back

Question 46

Prone

Answer 46

Laying on the belly

Question 47

Sagittal plane

Answer 47

Lengthwise plane dividing the body or structure into left and right sides

Question 48

Midsagittal plane

Answer 48

Plane divides the body into right and left halves

Question 49

Frontal (coronal) plane

Answer 49

Vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior sections (front and back)

Question 50

Right hypochondriac region

Answer 50

Right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen | Upper right (#1)

Question 51

Left hypochondriac region

Answer 51

Left upper region below the rib cartalige | Upper left (#2)

Question 52

Epigastric region

Answer 52

region above the stomach | Upper middle (#3)

Question 53

Right lumbar region

Answer 53

Right middle region near the waist | Middle right (#4)

Question 54

Left lumbar region

Answer 54

left middle region near the waist | middle left (#5)

Question 55

umbilical region

Answer 55

region of the navel or umbilicus | Middle middle (#6)

Question 56

Right inguinal region

Answer 56

the right lower region near the grion, which is the area where the legs join the trunk of the body. AKA right illiac region | lower right (#7)

Question 57

left inguinal region

Answer 57

Left lower region near the groin, AKA left illiac region | lower left (#8)

Question 58

Hypogastric region

Answer 58

Middle lower region below the umbilical region | lower middle (#9)

Question 59

transverse plane

Answer 59

Horizontal plane running across the body paraless to the ground.