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Chemistry > Chapter 2- A particle view of matter > Flashcards

Chapter 2- A particle view of matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a proton?

A

Positively charged particle.

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2
Q

What is a neutron?

A

Particle with no charge.

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3
Q

what is an electron?

A

Negatively charged particle.

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4
Q

What is the scientific model?

A

Description that scientists use to represent the important features of what they are trying to describe.

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5
Q

Where is most of the mass on an atom located?

A

Nucleus

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6
Q

what are alpha particles?

A

Small, positively charged particles emitted by atoms of radioactive decay.

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7
Q

What two kinds of particles are found in the nucleus?

A

Protons

Nuetrons

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8
Q

What is a cation?

A

Positively charged ion.

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9
Q

What is an anion?

A

Negatively charged ion.

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10
Q

What is an isotope?

A

An atom with the same atomic number but different mass number (varieties of a particular element).

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11
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

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12
Q

What is the mass number?

A

Total number of protons and neutrons

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13
Q

What is an ion?

A

A charged particle produced when an atom loses or gains an electron.

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14
Q 
How many electrons can these shells fit:
Shell 1?
Shell 2?
Shell 3?
Shell n?
A

Shell 1- 2 electrons
Shell 2- 8 electrons
Shell 3 - 18 electrons
Shell n- 2n squared electrons

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15
Q

What is the exception to the number of electrons a shell can fit?

A

No shell will contain more than 8 electrons until there are at least 2 electrons in the following shell.

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16
Q

What is a valence electron?

A

Electron in the outermost shell of an atom.

17
Q

Define: Orbital

A

regions of space in which electrons move

18
Q

Define: Shell

A

A region in which a group of electrons of similar energy levels moves about the nucleus.

19
Q

Define: Subshell

A

Energy levels of similar energy within shells.

20
Q

How many subshells in each shell?

A

Same as the number of shells

E.g. Shell 1, 1 subshell, Shell 3, 3 subshells

21
Q

Define: Ground state

A

When the electrons of an atoms are in the lowest energy state possible.

22
Q

Define: Excited state

A

The state of an atom, ion, etc in which one or more electrons have absorbed energy and are not in their lowest energy levels.

Chemistry (9 decks)

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