Chapter 2 Flashcards
Because mental health care is not covered in Australia under the basic health plan, which citizens are more likely to receive mental health care?
a. Wealthy
b. Homeless
c. Disabled
d. Low-income
ANS: A
Wealthy citizens, as well as those with private insurance, are more likely to receive mental health care in Australia because they are better able to afford the care than are homeless, disabled, or low-income citizens on the basic health plan with no mental health care coverage.
Mental health care is available under the universal health care system in Britain, which is funded primarily by:
a. Employers
b. Private donations
c. Small businesses
d. Tax revenues
ANS: D
Tax revenues are the primary funding source for Britain’s universal health care system. All aspects of health care, except for eye care and limited dental care, are covered under the standard benefit package for citizens of Britain.
The __________ model views clients holistically with the goal of creating a support system designed to encourage independence in the client with a mental health disorder.
a. Community support systems
b. Case management
c. Multidisciplinary health care team
d. Client population
ANS: A
The community support systems (CSS) model works by coordinating social, medical, and psychiatric services. Case management refers to individual management of clients and takes into consideration psychosocial rehabilitation, consults, referrals, therapy, and crisis intervention. A multidisciplinary health care team is made up of all of the professionals who work within a mental health care system, and client population simply refers to individuals who may potentially seek mental health care.
The home mental health nurse visits a female client to assess her ability to care for herself at home after discharge from an inpatient setting. Which component of the case management system does this demonstrate?
a. Consultation
b. Crisis intervention
c. Resource linkage
d. Psychosocial rehabilitation
ANS: D
Psychosocial rehabilitation assists clients in gaining independence in activities of daily living to the best of their individual capabilities. Consultation refers to assistance obtained from specialists, such as a psychiatrist; crisis intervention refers to care provided during a crisis event; and resource linkage indicates referral to community resources.
A client with a severe, treatment-resistant mental illness has been assigned to an assertive community treatment (ACT) team. An ACT treatment strategy that helps to prevent recurrent hospitalizations for mental health reasons is to meet with the client in the community setting:
a. Once per week
b. Two to four times per week
c. Five to six times per week
d. Seven to eight times per week
ANS: B
The continuous care team that meets with a client two to four times per week has been found to be effective in directing the client’s treatment on a more continuous basis, resulting in greater stability for the client who is living in the community with the help of appropriate systems.
Which member of the multidisciplinary mental health care team is primarily responsible for evaluating the family of the client, as well as the environmental and social surroundings of the client, and plays a major role in the admission of new clients?
a. Psychiatric nurse
b. Clinical psychologist
c. Psychiatrist
d. Psychiatric social worker
ANS: D
These are the primary responsibilities of the psychiatric social worker. The psychiatric nurse’s primary responsibilities include assisting with the client’s activities of daily living and managing individual, family, and group psychotherapy. The clinical psychologist is involved in the planning of treatment and diagnostic processes, and the psychiatrist is the leader of the team.
. It is estimated that approximately _____million adults in the United States experience some form of mental or emotional disorder.
a. 35.5
b. 61.5
c. 28.2
d. 59
. ANS: B
Although exact statistics are unavailable, it is estimated that at any given time at least 61.5 million adults in the United States suffer from mental-emotional disorders. “Approximately 18.1% of American adults—about 42 million people—live with anxiety disorders”
- A male client with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder is admitted to an inpatient unit during a severe manic episode. As a result of guidelines implemented by the Health Care Financing Administration in 1983, the client’s Medicare will pay for his stay in this unit for:
a. The length of time necessary for his condition to be stabilized
b. Up to 6 months with appropriate documentation
c. A pre-determined length of time based on the diagnosis
d. 2 to 4 weeks
Ans:C
Medicare payment guidelines are based on the diagnosis, which is classified under a diagnosis-related group (DRG), and specify a pre-determined payment for a particular diagnosis. This cost containment strategy has also been adopted by some private insurance companies. After the pre-determined time, the facility is responsible for additional costs incurred by the client’s stay.
A female client was given the diagnosis of schizophrenia and recently has lost her job. She tells the nurse that she has enough money for only two more house payments, and if she does not find a job, she fears she will become homeless. The nurse knows that this client falls into the group of nearly __________ of U.S. citizens who live below the poverty level.
a. 1%
b. 6%
c. 12%
d. 25%
ANS: C
Approximately 12% of Americans (or 33 million people) live below the poverty level. Living in poverty often precipitates mental disorders, or mental disorders may occur while an individual is living in poverty.
Addiction to recreational drugs, such as crack, cocaine, and heroin, combined with use of psychotherapeutic drugs is associated with:
a. Permanent psychotic states
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Generalized anxiety disorder
d. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
ANS: A
Permanent psychotic states are occurring in mental health clients who combine their psychotherapeutic medications with the abuse of recreational drugs. The combination of these two types of drugs is not commonly associated with bipolar disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or obsessive-compulsive disorder.
A female client who is undergoing therapy for depression is divorced and has two children, ages 2 and 4. She has just enrolled in a local community college and is worried about providing food and clothes for her family while holding down a minimum wage job and devoting the time needed to be successful in school. The nurse determines that the best community resource for assisting this client to meet these needs is:
A. A shelter for victims of domestic violence
b. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
c. A family-planning agency
d. A family recreation center
ANS: B
WIC gives assistance to low-income women and children up to the age of 5 who are at nutritional risk by providing foods to supplement the diet and information on healthy eating habits. The other options do not address her situation because she has not voiced needs related to domestic violence or family planning, and a family recreation center will not meet her financial needs.
The home care nurse is providing care to an older adult client with a diagnosis of depression who is caring for his wife with Alzheimer’s disease. He states that he hardly has enough energy to cook and clean the house. The couple has no children, and no relatives live within a close distance. Which community agency would be of greatest benefit to this client?
a. A recreational club
b. An adult education program
c. A day care center for the elderly
d. Meals on Wheels
ANS: D
By providing food, Meals on Wheels would remove one responsibility for this client. A recreational club or an adult education program is appropriate, but the priority need for this couple is food. A day care center for the elderly may be necessary in the future, but it is not a priority at this time.
A 9-year-old girl is given the diagnosis of depression. She has low self-esteem, does not enjoy group therapy, and does not show her emotions. The nurse has had difficulty establishing rapport with this client and decides to ask for assistance from another treatment team member. Which team member would best assist in this situation?
a. Psychiatric assistant
b. Dietitian
c. Occupational therapist
d. Expressive therapist
ANS: D
Expressive therapists work well with children who have difficulty expressing their thoughts and feelings. Expressive therapists use creative methods that appeal to children. The dietitian would not be the best team member to meet the needs of the client at this time. The psychiatric assistant, or technician, assists the nurse with daily activities and in monitoring clients during leisure activities. The occupational therapist works primarily with rehabilitational therapy, such as socialization and vocational retraining.
early __________ of all countries in the world have no clear governmental policy that addresses mental health issues.
a. 7%
b. 26%
c. 50%
d. 75%
ANS: C
In addition to nearly half of the countries in the world that have no policy on mental health issues, approximately one third have no program for coping with the increasing numbers of mental health disabilities.
A woman is admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit after a suicide attempt by overdose. The primary rationale for her admission is to:
a. Have limited supervision by health care personnel
b. Maintain responsibility for her own behavior
c. Receive treatment in the least restrictive manner
d. Provide her with a safe and secure environment
ANS: D
The most important advantage of inpatient psychiatric care is that it provides clients with a safe and secure environment N where R I G can B.C focus M and work with the problems that brought them there.
