Chapter 2 Flashcards
Culture
consists of the values held by a given group, the norms they follow, the language they speak, and the material goods they create
Cultural Appropriation
occurs when members of one cultural group borrow elements of another group’s culture
Values
ideas held by individuals or groups about what is desirable, proper, good, and bad
example= honesty and honor
Norms
rules of conduct that specify appropriate behavior in a given range of social situations
example = the dos and dons of social life
Language
a system of symbols that represent objects and abstract thoughts; the primary vehicle of meaning and communication in a society
- demonstrates both the unity and diversity of human culture because all cultures have language, yet there are thousands of languages in the world
- allows humans to vastly extend the scope of our thought and experience
The Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis (Sapir- Whorf Hypothesis)
argues that language shapes people’s perception of the world
- language gives permanence to a culture and an identity to the people
Cultural Universals
Forms of behavior found in all, or virtually all, cultures
Material Culture
the physical objects that society creates that influence the ways in which people live
Society
a group of people who live in a particular territory, are subject to a common system of political authority, and are aware of having a distinct identity
Instinct
a fixed pattern of behavior that has genetic origins and that appears in all normal animals within a given species
Biological Determinism
The belief that differences we observe between groups of people, such as men and women, are explained wholly by biological causes
Subcultures
cultural groups within a wider society that hold values and norms distinct from those of the majority
Countercultures
cultural groups within a wider society that largely reject the values and norms of the majority
Assimilation
the acceptance of a majority group by a majority population, in which the new group takes on the values and norms of the dominant culture
Multiculturalism
The viewpoint according to which ethnic groups can exist separately and share equally in economic and political life