Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NASM CPT > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Nervous system

A

one of the primary organ systems in the body. billions of cells that communicates with one another in a network within a body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

spinal cord and brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

nerves that connect the spinal cord and brain to the rest of the human body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sensory function

A

the ability of the nervous system to notice changes in the external and internal environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Integrative function

A

the ability that the nervous system has to interpret and analyze sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Motor function

A

the neuromuscular response to sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Proprioception

A

the cumulative sensory input to the CNS from all of the various mechanoreceptors that can sense limb movement and body position. improves coordination, posture, and balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Neuron

A

the functional unit of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

3 parts of a neuron

A

cell body, axon, and dendrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sensory neuron (afferent)

A

type of nerve cell that conducts impulses to the CNS from a sense organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Interneurons

A

send nerve impulses between one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Motor neuron (efferent)

A

type of nerve cell that sends impulses to glands, muscles and other effectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

respond to pressure inside of tissues and transmit signals through sensory nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Muscle spindles

A

sensory receptors that sit parallel to muscle fibers. help to regulate the contraction of muscles by way of the stretch flex mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Golgi tendon organ

A

receptor can sense the change in muscular tension and the rate that the tension changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Joint receptors

A

located around the joint capsule. respond to acceleration, deceleration, and pressure at the joint. sense extreme joint positions and send signals in order to prevent injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Skeletal system

A

body’s framework that is comprised of joints and bones. provides the focus and shapes for bodies. creates blood for the human body and stores minerals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Bones

A

provide protection for vital organs and a resting place for muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Joints

A

junctions for muscles, bones and connective tissues where movement occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Axial skeleton

A

area of the skeletal system that contains the rib cage, skull, and vertebral column. 80 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

area of the skeletal system that contains of the lower and upper extremities. of the 206 bones in the skeletal system, this comprises 126 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Remodeling

A

process of formation and resorption of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Osteoclasts

A

cells that help remove bone tissue

24
Q

Osteoblasts

A

cells that help create new bone tissue

25
Q

Epiphysis

A

located at the end of long bones and a place that contains a large portion of red marrow involved in the production of red blood cells

26
Q

Diaphysis

A

the long portion of the bone that is considered the shaft

27
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

area of the long bone that connects the epiphysis to the diaphysis

28
Q

Periosteum

A

the dense and fibrous outer layer where muscles attach and a more delicate layer inside that can create bone

29
Q

Medullary cavity

A

location where bone marrow is stored and where blood cell formation happens. small cavity located in the shaft

30
Q

Articular cartilage (hyaline)

A

inelastic, flexible yet firm type of connective tissue that is located at the end of bones at the joint

31
Q

Depressions

A

flat areas of a bone

32
Q

Processes

A

parts of the bone where ligaments in muscle attach

33
Q

Vertebral column

A

made up of 24 bones that create the spinal column. there are 5 lumbar 12 thoracic and 7 cervical bones

34
Q

Arthrokinematics

A

description of joint surfaces when bones are put through a range of motion

35
Q

Synovial joints

A

joined bones that have a fibrous joint capsule. produce synovial fluid, similar to egg whites, to protect the joints. approx 80% joints in the body

36
Q

Non-synovial joints

A

joints that are non-movable and exclude the joint cartilage, capsule, and ligaments. mostly found in the distal joint of the fibula and tibia as well as the skull

37
Q

Ligaments

A

connect bones to other bones and help joint support

38
Q

Muscular system

A

the full collection of all the muscles in the human body

39
Q

Epimysium

A

layer of muscular connective tissue on the outside

40
Q

Perimysium

A

muscular connective tissue in the middle that encompasses the muscle fascicle

41
Q

Endomysium

A

the deepest layer of the muscular connective tissue that covers muscle fibers

42
Q

Tendons

A

connect skeletal muscles to the bone with a band of white, inelastic, dense and tough band of tissue

43
Q

Sarcomere

A

function unit of muscle that produces contractions. comprised of actin and myosin. the repeating section of a muscle

44
Q

Neural activation

A

process of nervous system activation of a muscle fiber by means of the neuromuscular junction

45
Q

Motor unit

A

the motor neuron as well as all of the muscle fiber that it innervates

46
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

small chemical messengers that are able to cross the neuromuscular synapse (junction) in order to transmit these and electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle

47
Q

Type I (slow twitch)

A

endurance fibers. smaller, produce less power, receive more oxygen and are more mitochondrial dense

48
Q

Type II (fast twitch)

A

do not have as much endurance. have less oxygen delivery, have short-term contractions, can produce more force and power, are larger

49
Q

Excitation-contraction coupling

A

nervous system stimulates a muscle in the body to contract. Sliding filament theory

50
Q

Agonist

A

prime mover

51
Q

Synergist

A

assists an helps the prime mover

52
Q

Stabilizer

A

helps with stabilizing the joints and the body during movement

53
Q

Antagonist

A

relax in order to permit the prime mover to do its work

54
Q

Endocrine system

A

system of glands that secretes hormones into the bloodstream

55
Q

Muscle spindles

A

sensory receptors within the muscle that run parallel to the muscle fibers. sensitive to changes in muscle length and rates of length change

NASM CPT (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions