Chapter 2

Question 1

Which organelle is of most importance in regards to the production of ATP?

Answer 1

Mitochondrion.

Question 2

True or false?
Using the metabolic factory example, the phosphagen system is the inventory of high-energy product that is stored on-site and readily available for immediate use.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Name of the direct source of energy for all biological processes, including muscle contractions

Answer 3

ATP.

Question 4

Which of the following occurs once blood-borne simple sugars reach the cells of the liver?

Answer 4

a) Glucose can be stored as glycogen in the liver cells.
b) Glucose can be released back into the bloodstream to be used for energy or stored by other cells in the body.
c) Sugars that are not in the form of glucose are converted to glucose.
d) All of the above. (correct)

Question 5

Once glucose has gained entrance into a muscle cell it can be,..

Answer 5

a) Stored as glycogen.
b) Converted into fat and stored.
c) Used for energy.
d) All of the above.(correct)

Question 6

Which of the three macronutrients play the biggest role in providing structure to the body?

Answer 6

Proteins.

Question 7

True or false?

Proteins are not normally a major source of energy unless energy expenditure is high and/or carbohydrate intake is low.

Answer 7

True.

Question 8

Bile helps to break down fatty molecules - like soap - and according to the lecture it is not _________________?

Answer 8

An enzyme.

Question 9

What sport example helps to exemplify the use of all three energy systems: aerobic, anaerobic, and creatine-phosphate?

Answer 9

Basketball

Question 10

Which of the following organs produce and secrete substances that aid in digestion?

Answer 10

a) Pancreas.
b) Gallbladder.
c) Liver.
d) All of the above. (correct)

Question 11

Which of the following is a result of regular sprint training?

Answer 11

a) ATP and creatine phosphate stores in the trained muscles are increased.
b) The ability to maintain maximal running speed for longer is increased.
c) Anaerobic enzymes in the trained muscles are increased.
d) All of the above. (correct)

Question 12

Lipids exist in the body primarily in what form?

Answer 12

Triglycerides - body fat.

Question 13

True or false?

Poor nutrition directly impacts the body’s ability to make ATP.

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

The digestive process that takes place in the stomach where food is churned and mixed with stomach acids and enzymes continues for approximately…

Answer 14

1 hour.

Question 15

True or false?
The process of resynthesizing ATP from ADP requires energy, and this is where the energy trapped in the bonds of food comes into play.

Answer 15

True.

Question 16

True or false?

During steady-state long term exercise, the energy demand for ATP is met primarily by the anaerobic energy system.

Answer 16

False.

It is aerobic because it requires a lot of oxygen

Question 17

Which of the three macronutrients form the enzymes critical to the thousands of chemical reactions required to sustain life?

Answer 17

Proteins.

Question 18

True or false?
Minerals, vitamins, and water need to be broken down into smaller units via digestion in order to be absorbed into the body.

Answer 18

False.

Question 19

Which of the following enzymes work in the small intestine to break disaccharides into monosaccharides?

Answer 19

a) Sucrase.
b) Lactase.
c) Maltase.
d) All of the above. (correct)

Question 20

Following digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the small intestine, simple sugars are absorbed through the intestinal wall and enter into the:

Answer 20

Bloodstream.

Question 21

Which of the three macronutrients form the enzymes critical to the thousands of chemical reactions required to sustain life?

Answer 21

Proteins.*

Question 22

True or false?
Minerals, vitamins, and water need to be broken down into smaller units via digestion in order to be absorbed into the body.

Answer 22

False.

They are already small enough to be absorbed