Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is EM?

A

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Which is usually simply referred to as spectrum is the range of all possible electromagnetic radiation.

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2
Q

Low Frequency?

High Frequency?

A

Low Frequency - Long Wavelength

High Frequency - Short Wavelength

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3
Q

How much is 1 Ghz?

A

1,000,000,000 (billion) cycles per second

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4
Q

What is Absorption?

A

When signal gets absorbed by some material.

Leading cause of attenuation (loss)

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5
Q

What is Reflection?

A

When wave bounces off a material.

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6
Q

Sky Wave Reflection?

A

Can occur in frequencies below 1Ghz, where the signal has very large wavelength.

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7
Q

Microwave Reflection?

A

Exist between 1Ghz and 300Ghz. Much smaller frequencies

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8
Q

Scattering?

A

Scattering is multiple reflections.

Chain link fences, tree folliage, rocky terrain.

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9
Q

Refraction?

A

Bending of RF signal

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10
Q

FSPL?

A

Free Space Path Loss

Is the loss of signal strength caused by the natural broadening of the waves.

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11
Q

Multipath?

A

Is a propagation phenomenon that results in two or more paths of a signal arriving at the same time or within nanoseconds of each other.

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12
Q

Four possible results of Multipath?

A

Upfade
Downfade
Nulling
Data Corruption

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13
Q

What is Upfade?

A

Increased signal strength.

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14
Q

What is Downfade?

A

Decreased signal strength.

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15
Q

What is Nulling?

A

Signal cancellation

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16
Q

What is Data Corruption?

A

Corrupted Data

17
Q

R: What are some results of multipath interference?

A

Upfade

Excessive Retransmissions

18
Q

R: What term best defines the linear distance traveled in one positive-to-negative-to-positive oscillation of an electromagnetic signal?

A

Wavelength

19
Q

Which of the following statements are true about amplification?

A

RF amplifiers require an outside power source
Antennas are passive gain amplifiers that focus the energy of a signal in one direction
Signal strength may passively increase because of multipath upfade

20
Q

A standard measurement of frequency is called?

A

Hertz

21
Q

When an RF signal bends around an object, this propagation behaviour is known as what?

A

Diffraction

22
Q

What is the frequency of an RF signal that cycles 2.4 million times per second?

A

2.4Mhz

23
Q

What can result in multipath?

A

Refraction
Diffraction
Reflection
Scattering

24
Q

What term is used to describe the time differential between a primary signal and a reflected signal arriving at a receiver?

A

Delay Spread