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Vocab Unit 1 Topic C 20-1 Social Studies > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Absolute monarchy

A

A type of government with a hereditary king or queen. The belief that the monarchy is chosen by god justifies their total, ultimate rule. For example, Louis XVI

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2
Q

Bastille

A

A fortress in Central Paris used to imprison political prisoners of the king. It was also used to store cannons and muskets. Destroyed on July 14 1789 by French citizens.

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3
Q

Bourgeoise

A

A subsection of French peasants in feudal times. The city dwelling merchants

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4
Q

Clergy

A

The first estate. Religious officials of French feudal society. 1% of the population, paid zero taxes and held a lot of work.

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5
Q

Constitution

A

A document that ensures rule of law exists in a country

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6
Q

Constitutional monarchy

A

A gov led by a monarch whose power is limited bi a constitution. Example queen Elizabeth II

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7
Q

Declared rights of man and citizen (DORMAC)

A

Document written that gave equal rights to all men in France. Has been used by the US (bill of rights) and can Asian charter of rights and freedoms

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8
Q

Estate general

A

The feudal political advisory board. Including one member of each estate, they could advise the kind but he did not listen

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9
Q

Louis XVI

A

The feudal French monarchy (1774/1793). He married Marie Antionette at the age of 16. A weak useless hated monarch he was excited by the guillotine in 1793

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10
Q

Feudalism

A

A medieval model of gov w a specific social hierarchy. You were stuck in the position you were born into.

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11
Q

Divine right to rule

A

The belief by absolute monarchs that they have been chosen by god to rule. This justifies their rule

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12
Q

Dissident

A

A person who opposes the official policy and rule of an authoritarian state

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13
Q

Rule of law

A

The belief that no one is above the law

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14
Q

Present/serf

A

The lower class of society in feudal times- the third estate prior to the French Revolution

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15
Q

Marie Antonienette

A

The French queen during the revolution . Rumoured to have said “let them eat cake” excited by guillotine

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16
Q

Region of terror

A

A time period of mass execution of ppl suspended of being anti-revolution. Led by maximillen Robespierre

17
Q

Robespierre

A

The leader of the reign of terror executed by guillotine

18
Q

Secularism

A

The spread ion of church and state. In medieval times, the church

19
Q

First estate

A

The clergy of French society

20
Q

Second estate

A

The nobility of French society

21
Q

Third estate

A

The peasants/serfs of French society

22
Q

Deficit

A

When a government spends while in debt

23
Q

Livres

A

The French currency prior to 1800

24
Q

Philosophers

A

The intellectual group of French society who helped move the enlightenment forward. These people studied exactly mimics, politics, religion, and how society should function

25
Q

Abolition

A

To get rid of something

26
Q

Jacobin

A

An extremist radical group essential to the French Revolution. This group advocated for egalitarianism and were responsible for the reign of terror

27
Q

Girondin

A

A moderate revolution group. They want a constitutional monarchy that limited the power of the king and allow a legislature to make decision

28
Q

Napoleon Bonaparte

A

A French military general who declared himself emperor of France in 1804

29
Q

The directory

A

The interim government after the French Revolution. It was weak and ineffective

30
Q

The continental system

A

Under the rule of Napoleon All trade with Britain was blockaded with the French empire

31
Q

The Metternich system

A

A series of meetings called to discuss the issues facing Europe

32
Q

The congress of Vienna (1814)

A

The organization that led to the defeat of Napoleon. Goal balance of power and prevent more revolutions in Europe

33
Q

Balance of power

A

When nations of the world have roughly equal power

34
Q

The quadruple alliance (1813)

A

Including Britain, Russia, Austria, Prussia. Gathered to defeat Napoleon and prevent further French aggression

35
Q

The Holy Alliance

A

A treaty/organization of most European states (1815) who wanted to promote Christian principles

36
Q

Centralized government

A

A gov where the power or leal authority is held by a small group of individuals

37
Q

Coup d’état

A

A sudden overthrow of a state by a small group of people. Usually through violence

38
Q

Scorched Earth

A

A military tactic to burn and destroy any and all resources in the path of your enemy as you retreat. Used by Russians (and soviets)

39
Q

Abdicate

A

To give up the thrown

Vocab Unit 1 Topic C 20-1 Social Studies (4 decks)

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