Chapter 2

Question 1

Central Nervous System

Answer 1

The brain and spinal cord; processes information received from internal and external environments and activates responses.

Question 2

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 2

Carries information and from the central Nervous System.

Question 3

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 3

A self regulating sub-division of the peripheral Nervous system that connects the central Nervous System to the body’s internal organs and glands, providing feedback to the brain about their activities.

Question 4

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 4

A sub division of the peripheral Nervous System that carries sensory information to the central Nervous System and motor information from the central Nervous system.

Question 5

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 5

A sub division of the autonomic Nervous System that arouses the body for vigorous activity or to deal with stressful or threading situations.

Question 6

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 6

A sub division of the autonomic Nervous System that helps maintain the internal body environment in a steady, balanced state of normal functioning, calms or restores the body.

Question 7

Spinal cord

Answer 7

The long, thin bundle of nerve tissue that extends from the base of the brain to the lower back; links the brain and the parts of the body below the neck.

Question 8

Spinal reflex

Answer 8

An unconscious, involuntary and automatically occurring response to certain stimuli, sourced within the spinal cord and without any involvement of the brain; also called a reflex arc.

Question 9

Dendrites

Answer 9

Extensions of neuron that detect and receive information from other neurons.

Question 10

Axon

Answer 10

A single, tubelike, extension that carries neural information away from the neuron.

Question 11

Axon collateral

Answer 11

Small branch at the end of an axon terminal where terminal buttons that store and secrete neurotransmitters are located.

Question 12

Axon terminal

Answer 12

The end part of an axon collateral where terminal buttons that store and secrete neurotransmitters are located.

Question 13

Myelin

Answer 13

White, fatty substance covering and insulating an axon.

Question 14

Neurotransmitter

Answer 14

A chemical substance produced by a neuron that carries a message to other neurons or cells

Question 15

Neurohormone

Answer 15

A chemical messenger manufactured by a neuron that is released into the bloodstream and carried to target neurons or cells.

Question 16

Parkinson’s Diseases

Answer 16

A CNS neurodegenerative disorder characterised by both motor symptoms (tremor, muscle rigidity, slowness of voluntary movement; bradykinesia, postural instability, balance problems, and gait disturbances), and non motor symptoms ( anosmia, sweating, increased sensitivity to temperatures, fatigue, mental health problems).

Question 17

Conscious response

Answer 17

A reaction to a sensory stimulus that involves awareness.

Question 18

Unconscious response

Answer 18

A reaction to a sensory stimulus that does not involve awareness.