Chapter 2

Question 1

Proton, Neutron, and Electron Masses and Charges

Answer 1

Proton: +1 charge, mass = 1
Neutron: 0 charge, mass = 1
Electron: -1 charge, mass = 0

Question 2

What is atomic mass?

Answer 2

of protons + # of neutrons

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

atoms with the same number of protons (same element), but a different number of NEUTRONS

Question 4

Isotopic Abundance

Answer 4

the percent abundance of each isotope of an element

Question 5

Average Atomic Mass

Answer 5

the average of the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes of that element (in amu’s)

Question 6

Elemental Atomic Mass Equation

Answer 6

average atomic mass = (fractional abundance x isotopic molar mass) + (…) + …

Question 7

Molecular Formula

Answer 7

the true # of atoms of each kind in a molecule

ex: C8H10N4O2

Question 8

Empirical Formula

Answer 8

formula in which the atom ratio is the simplest possible with whole #’s
ex: C4H5N2O

Question 9

Noble Gases Rule

Answer 9

monatopic elements! noble gases are group 18

Question 10

Metal Standard State

Answer 10

all are solids except for MERCURY

Question 11

Carbon Standard State

Answer 11

solid

Question 12

The 7 Diatomic Molecules

Answer 12

Gases: H2, N2, O2, Fl2, Cl2
Liquid: Br2
Solid: I2
(makes a 7 on the periodic table w the exception of H)

Question 13

How do you calculate the molar mass of a molecule?

Answer 13

Add together the atomic masses for the whole molecule!
ex: C6H12O6
6 C atoms x (12.01 g/1 mol C) +
12 H atoms x (1.008 g/1 mol H) +
6 O atoms x (16.00 g/1 mol O) =
180.16 g/mol C6H12O6