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Clinical Psychology > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Humanistic

A

Client-centered, Carl Rogers, unconditional positive regard. hard to replicate. 1960s.

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2
Q

Albert Ellis

A

Rationale-Emotive Behavior Therapy. emotions are consequences of thoughts and beliefs. challenge should, ought-to (musterbating). emotive-evocative: role playing, modeling, exhortation, unconditional acceptance. Albert Ellis Institute in NYC.

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3
Q

David Wechsler

A

1939-created Wechsler-Bellevue test to test adult intelligence

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4
Q

g vs. s intelligence

A

Early intelligence debate: Charles Spearman’s “g” general intelligence vs. Edward Lee Thorndike’s “s” specific intelligences

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5
Q

1940s

A

More widespread and standardized training; more accredited grad programs; Veterans Affair hospitals start funding grad training and internships; 1949 Boulder Conference

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6
Q

Year DSM III was created, and differences in it

A

1980, specific diagnostic criteria and multi axial system

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7
Q

All the Wechsler tests

A

1939-Wechsler-Bellevue test
1955-Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales
1949-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
1989-Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence

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8
Q

William Tuke

A

1732-1822; England; opened York Retreat-residential treatment center where people were treated with kindness, dignity, and decency

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9
Q

Henry Goodard

A

Brought Binet-Simon scale to Vineland, NJ

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10
Q

Rorschach Inkblot Method

A

1921, developed by Henry Rorschach. Projective test with 10 inkblots that people interpret and make sense of.

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11
Q

Philippe Pinel

A

1745-1826; France; advocated for humane treatment; first to introduce idea of case history, treatment notes, and illness classification; treatment with discharge as goal

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12
Q

First two illness categories

A

Neurosis-psychiatric symptoms (including anxiety and depression), but maintain intact grasp on reality.
Psychosis-break from reality- hallucinations, delusions, and grossly disorganized thinking

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13
Q

When did psychotherapy begin to take off, why, and why approach dominated then?

A

1940s/50s due to demand from WWII. Psychodynamic approach dominated.

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14
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

1832-1920; Germany; founder of psychology; opened first lab in Germany

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15
Q

1960s/70s

A

more diversity in field; PsyD programs; insurance starts authorizing payments

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16
Q

Years DSM I was created

A

1952

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17
Q

Objective Personality Tests

A

multiple choice/ true/false questions about people, their experiences, and their preferences. More scientifically sound

18
Q

Hippocrates

A

First to consider biopsychosocial approach

19
Q

Eli Todd

A

1762-1832, Connecticut physician; Opened The Retreat- humane residential treatment center in Hartford; allowed patients to have input in their treatment decisions; used Pinel’s model to open other treatment centers in the U.S.

20
Q

Lighter Witmer

A

coined term clinical psychology in 1907. Opened 1st psych clinic at UPenn in 1896-worked with children with learning and behavior difficulties; started first clinical psych journal, “Psychology Clinic” in 1907

21
Q

1950s

A

development of behaviorism and humanistic/existential. 1953- first APA ethics code

22
Q

Alfred Binet

A

opened 1st French lab in 1895, working with kids. 1905-Developed Binet-Simon scale to measure intelligence (IQ mental age vs. chronological age).

23
Q

Behaviorism

A

look at specific behaviors, with problems and progress measured in observable or quantifiable terms. 1950s/60s

24
Q

1917

A

American Association of Clinical Psychologists

25
Q

Projective Personality Test

A

People project their personalities onto ambiguous or vague stimuli

26
Q

Emil Kraepelin

A

Creator of DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders); differentiated between exogenous and endogenous disorders; coined many terms-dementia praecox (now schizophrenia), paranoia, manic depressive psychosis, involuntary melancholia, cyclothymic personality, and autistic personality.

27
Q

Cognitive

A

focused on logical thought. most popular today.

28
Q

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

A

1935-developed by Christina Morgan and Henry Murray. Projective tests wit cards depict people in scenes that can be interpreted in many ways, and people have to make a story based on pictures on cards

29
Q

Lewis Terman

A

Revised Binet-Simon scale in 1937. It became the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales.

30
Q

Dorothea Dix

A

1802-1887; Boston; worked in prisons and saw that many inmates were mentally ill or mentally disabled; persuaded leaders to build 30 humane treatment centers in the U.S., and more worldwide.

31
Q

1919

A

Clinical Section of American Psychological Association

32
Q

Early beliefs about mental illnesses

A

People believed they were possessed by evil spirits or deserved their symptoms because of bad behavior or character

33
Q

1980s

A

hospital admittance privileges; Medicare payment privileges; clinicians make up ~50% of APA; psychotherapy grows, especially in private practice, while testing decreases.

34
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

A

1943, developed by Starke Hathaway and J.C. McKinley. 550 T/F question objective personality test

35
Q

WISC vs. Stanford-Binet

A

WISC includes subtests, as well as verbal and performance scales

36
Q

Other MMPIs

A

1989-Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2

1992-Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent

37
Q

1921

A

Psychological Corporation

38
Q

Family Therapy

A

recognizes mental illness as a symptom of a flawed system. 1950s-70s

39
Q

James Cattell

A

American who worked with reaction time to measure IQ

40
Q

Psychodynamic

A

focus on psychoanalysis, defense mechanisms, childhood and family of origin issues that we carry into our lives today, transference, etc.

Clinical Psychology (1 decks)

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