Chapter 2 Flashcards
Define Information System?
It is a combination of people, hardware, software, communication devices, network and data resources that processes data and information for a specific purpose.
Define the term Software.
Software is a programme or a set of programs.
It is used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. Without
software, hardware cannot do any work.
Define Application Software
Includes all those computer softwares that guide a computer to perform useful task beyond the running of the computer itself.
Different types of Application software
- Appliccation suite (MS Office)
- Information Worker software (Spreadsheet, CAAT)
- Content Access Software (Media Player, Abode Digital)
- Media Development Software (Desktop Publishing, Video Editing)
- Educational software (Examination Test CDs)
Enterprise Software (ERP App - SAP)
7.Enterprise Infrastructure Software (Email Servers, Security software)
Benefits of Application Software
- Addressing user’s need
- Less threat from Virus
- Regular Updates
Disadvantages of Application Software
- Development is COSTLY
2. Infection from MALWARE
Define System Software
Maintain a Platform for running of App Software
Conputer software designed to: # Operate comp Hardware and,
One of the most important system software is operating system (OS).
Define Operating System
OS is a set of computer Programs that manages computer hardware resources and acts as an
interface with computer applications Programmes.
Activities executed by Operating Systems
PUT LOGICAL FILES into the MEMORY of NETWORKING HARDWARE
- Performing hardware functions
- User Interfaces
- Task Management
- Logical access security
- File management
- Memory Management
- Networking Capability
- Hardware Independence
Define the terms Database, Database Management System (DBMS).
A Database is a collection of related data.
A DBMS is a collection of Programs that enables users
to create and maintain a database and facilitates the
processes of defining, constructing, and manipulating
databases for various applications
Explain the major objectives of the organization while using DBMS?
DBMS can be used to solve the following objectives.
a) Know the information needs
b) Acquiring the needed information
c) Organizing the acquired information in a meaningful way
d) Assuring information quality
e) Providing software tools so that users in the enterprise can access information they require
Operations performed
by DBMS?
a) Adding new files to database
b) Deleting existing files from database
c) Inserting data in existing files
d) Modifying data in existing files
e) Deleting data in existing files
f) Retrieving or querying data from existing files.
Examples of DBMS
Commercially available Data Base Management Systems are:
Oracle, My SQL, SQL Servers and DB2 etc.
Hierarchical Database Model
- Records are logically organised in a hierarchy of relationships.
- Shape like a Inverted Tree
- The Top recored - ROOT
Rest all - Parent Child Rel.
Types of Network
- Connection Oriented Network
2. Conectionless Network
Issues addressed by Network Modelling
- Routing (communicate from source to destination)
- Bandwidth (amount of data)
- Resilience (Ability to recover from an error)
- Contention (conflict for some common resource)
Benefits of computer networks
DRCRU
- Distributes nature of Information
- Resource Sharing
- Computational Power
- Reliability
- User communication
Bluetooth
- wireless tech
- exchanging data over short distance
- 50M
- low power, short distance radio signal
- Eg: PDAs, PC, Mobiles, Keyboarda and mice
- send Pics, videos and business cards
Wi-fi
- wireless netwrking tech
- USES RADIO WAVES
- provide hi-speed internet
- 32M
- less secure than wired connection
- uses radio tecj calles 802.11—> secure,reliable and fast net
Notebook
- extremely lightweight personal computer
- weighs less th 3 Kgs
- fits easily in a briefcase
- uses FLAT-PANEL TECH to produce light-weight and non-bulky display screen
Tablet
- ONE PIECE general purpose computer
- distinguishing characteristic - use of touch screen as a input device
- Portable and easy to use interface
FEATURES:
Input method; Size; Battery Life; Storage Capacity; Performance (low power processors); Software; Wireless
SmartPhone
- mobile phone, built on a mobile operating system with more advanced computing capability than a FEATURE PHONE.
- Allows —> store info, e-mail, install prog apart from the basic mobile functions
- high resolution touch screen and web-browsers
- high speed net is provided by Wi-fi and mobile broadband
Touchpad
- pointing device
- featuring a tactile sensor, a specialized surface
- that can translate the motion and position of a user’s finger to a relative position on screen
- common feature of laptops
iPad
- runs on iOS version
- Product of Apple
- Apple introduced multi touch gesture, like moving to fingers apart to zoom in
- uses less power
- so, battery life better than intel devices
iPod
- portable media player
- Designed and marketed by Apple
- 4 current version —-> iPod Shuffle / iPod Nano / iPod Touch / iPod classics
Ultra-Mobile PC (UMPC)
- small version of a pen computer, a class of laptops by Microsoft and Intel in 2006
- Smaller than subnotebooks
- TFT display; 5 to 7 inch screen
- operated like tablet, using a touch screen and a stylus
- can also have a physical keyboard
Android
- Linux based OS
- designed primarily for Touch screen mobiles
- powers devices for some of the best handsets manufacturers - Samsung, HTC etc
- open source and permissive licensing allows the software to be freely modified and distributed by device manufacturers
Groupware
- AKA Teamware
- allows collective and collaborative working of teams from different geographical locations
- on an online and real-time basis
What is a CPU?
CPU or microprocessor is the actual hardware that interprets and executes the programme (software) instructions….
and coordinates how all other hardware devices work together.
Functional Units of a CPU
- Control Unit (CU)
- Arithmetical and Logical Unit (ALU)
- Registers (high speed memory units)
- Accumulators
- Address Registers
- Storage Registers
- Miscellaneous
