Chapter 2 Flashcards
an _____ describes how a problem is solved by listing the actions that must be taken and the order of execution
algorithm
after choosing names for your variables you must…?
specify their data type
when you choose the name of your variable and then declare its data type you are ____ your ______.
declaring
variables
simple data types for representing integers or floating-point number are called _____ ____ ___ or ____ ___
primitive data types
fundamental types
doubles means ___ ___
double precision
what is the cin object used for?
for reading input from the keyboard
a _____ directs the user to input something
prompt
what does cin stand for?
console input
what is the»_space; called?
the stream extraction operator
A
from B to A
A»B if this is the case which direction is the data floating?
from A to B
how can you declare more than one variable at the same time?
by declaring them all in a comma separated list (eg. int i, j, k)
is int count = 1 equivalent to int count: count = 1; ?
yes
a variable _____ (must be/doesnt have to be) declared before it can be assigned a value.
must be
when a variable is not assigned a value, what is the value called?
uninitialized
what is assigning a value to a variable called?
initialization
what is the scope of the variable?
it is the part of the program where the variable can be referenced
what is an eqaul sign (=)?
an assignment operator
after a variable is declared, you can assign it to a value by using a _____ ______
assignment statement
to assign a variable you must a value to a variable, you must place the variable name to the _____ of the assignment operator
left
a ___ ____ is an identifier that represent s a permanent value
named constant
what is the syntax for declaring a constant
const datatype CONSTANTNAME = value;
a constant ______ (must be/doesn’t have to be) declared and intialized in the same statement
must be
by convention constants are named using ____
uppercase
what is the storage size of short (short int)?
16 bit
what is the storage size of unsigned short (unsigned short int)?
16 bit
what is the storage size of int signed?
32 bit
what is the storage size of unsigned (unsigned int)?
32 bit
what is the storage size of long (long int)?
32 bit
what is the storage size of unsigned long (unsigned long int)?
32 bit
what is the storage size of float?
32 bit
what is the storage size of double?
64
long double?
80 bit
what is a literal constant value?
a value that appears directly in the program
what are the 5 operators for numeric data?
addition ( + ) subtraction ( - ) multiplication ( * ) division ( / ) modulus ( % )
what is the % operator called? what is it used to calculate?
modulus
remainder
when both operands of a division are integers, what occurs?
the result of the division is the quotient and the fractional part is truncated
modulus only works with ______ operands and yields the remainder after ______
integer
division
the property even number % 2 = 0
and odd number % 2 = 1 can be used to ….?
determine whether a number is even of odd
what is a unary operator?
an operator with only one operand
what is a binary operator?
an operator with two operands
+ and - operators can be both ____ and ____
unary and binary
what can the pow(a,b) function be used to compute?
a^b
where is the pow function defined?
in the cmath library
should you use 2 or 2.0 in the pow function?
2.0 (some C++ compilers may require it
does C++ compilers follow bedmas?
yep!
when using division always make the numerator a _____ _____ _____
decimal point number (eg. 5.0)
what is time(0) defined under?
the header file ctime (library)
what is += ?
addition assignment
what is -= ?
subtraction assignment
what is *= ?
multiplication assignment
what is /= ?
division assignment
what is %= ?
modulus assignement
what is i += 8 equivalent to?
i = i + 8
what is i -= 8 equivalent to?
i = i - 8
what is i *= 8 equivalent to?
i = i * 8
what is i /= 8 equivalent to?
i = i / 8
what is i %= 8 equivalent to?
i = i % 8
When is the assignment operator executed?
last (after other mathematical operations)
the ++ and – are two shorrthand operators for ____ and _____ a variable by ___
incrementing
decrementing
1
i++ (or ++ i) means if i was 3, then i becomes __
4
i– (or –i) means if is was 3, then j becomes ___
2
i++ is known as…?
postfix increment (postincrement)
I– is known as …?
postfix decrement (postdecrement)
++i is known as…?
prefix increment (preincrement)
–i is known as…?
prefix decrement (predecrement)
what is ++var?
increment var by one, and use the new var value in statement
what is –var?
decrement var by one, and use the new var value in statement
what is var++?
increment var by one, and use the original var value in statement
what is var–?
decrement var by one, and use the original var value in statement
how can you convert a value from one type to another?
by using a casting operator
what is the syntax of a casting operator?
static_cast(value)
In static_cast(value), what is type?
type is the type you wish to convert your value to (eg. int double)
In static_cast(value), what is value?
value is the the variable
is c++ case sensitive?
yes
