Chapter 2

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

composed of language, symbols, gestures, beliefs, values and norms that are passed from one generation to another and behaviors

Question 2

norms

Answer 2

rules and exceptions to guide behaviors

Question 3

Material

Answer 3

all tangible products of a society, cars, clothing, housings, tv’s

Question 4

Nonmaterial

Answer 4

all intangible products of a society, laws, ideas, values, beliefs

Question 5

Cultural shock

Answer 5

personal disorientation, when you put yourself in another culture and you see how differently everything ends up being, don’t take things for granted

Question 6

Cultural relativism

Answer 6

understand a culture on one’s own orientation and framework of it’s own culture

Question 7

Ethnocentrism

Answer 7

use of one’s own culture as a yardstick for judging the ways of other individual societies

Question 8

symbols

Answer 8

anything that has a meaning

Question 9

gestures

Answer 9

using one’s body to communicate

Question 10

language

Answer 10

system of symbols that allows us to communicate

Question 11

value

Answer 11

culturally defined standards

Question 12

More

Answer 12

are strictly enforced, essential to core values, insist on conforming

Question 13

Folkway

Answer 13

norms that are not strictly enforced, like not wearing a shirt

Question 14

Taboos

Answer 14

violations which are horrific- eating a person or killing

Question 15

Sapir- Whorf

Answer 15

language determines our consciousness and our perceptions of life around us

Question 16

Sanctions

Answer 16

expressions of approval or disapproval given to people for upholding or violating norms

Question 17

Gathering

Answer 17

was the simple part of culture types

Question 18

Hunting, herding, and horticulture

Answer 18

was in the preliterate

Question 19

Agriculture

Answer 19

was in the historical

Question 20

industrialism

Answer 20

was in the modern society

Question 21

post industrial

Answer 21

was in the post modern society (today)

Question 22

Subculture

Answer 22

values and behaviors of a group distinguish it’s members from larger culture, world within a world

Question 23

Counterculture

Answer 23

values, beliefs, related behavior place it’s members in opposition to broad culture, always negative

Question 24

Pluralistic society

Answer 24

made up of many different groups, america

Question 25

Culture Change

Answer 25

not all parts of culture change at the same time

Question 26

Culture Diffusion

Answer 26

spreading of cultural characteristics from one group to another

Question 27

Culture leveling

Answer 27

process by which cultures become similar to one another

Question 28

ideal culture

Answer 28

examples of how things should be in a perfect world

Question 29

real culture

Answer 29

how things are that people have in everyday life

Question 30

technology

Answer 30

skill or procedures needed to make and use these tools

Question 31

Culture specific

Answer 31

we know what gestures mean because our culture teaches us what they mean

Question 32

Cultural universals

Answer 32

a value, norm, or other cultural trait that is found in every group

Question 33

Components of culture

Answer 33

symbols, gestures, language, values and beliefs and social norms

Question 34

dominant values in US

Answer 34

Achievement and success, individualism, activity and work, efficiency and practicality, science, progress, material conmfort, humanitarianism, freedom, democracy, equality, racism, education, religion and love