Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Antifederalists

A

Those who favored a weaker national government.

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2
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

A weak constitution that governed America during and immediately after the Revolutionary War.

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3
Q

Bill of Attainder

A

A law that declares a person, without trial, to be guilty of a crime.

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4
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

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5
Q

Checks and Balances

A

The power of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government to block some acts by the other two branches. (See also separation of powers.)

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6
Q

Coalition

A

An alliance of factions.

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7
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

Powers shared by the national and state governments.

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8
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

Meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution.

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9
Q

Enumerated Powers

A

Powers given to the national government alone.

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10
Q

Ex Post Facto Law

A

A law that makes an act criminal although the act was legal when it was committed.

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11
Q

Faction

A

A group with a distinct political interest.

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12
Q

Federalism

A

Government authority shared by national and state governments.

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13
Q

Federalists

A

Those who favor a stronger national government.

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14
Q

Great Compromise

A

Plan to have popularly elected House based on state population and a state-selected Senate, with two members for each state.

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15
Q

Habeas Corpus

A

An order to produce an arrested person before a judge.

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16
Q

Judicial Review

A

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional.

17
Q

Line-Item Veto

A

An executive’s ability to block a particular provision in a bill passed by the legislature.

18
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

Proposal to create a weak national government.

19
Q

Republic

A

A government in which elected representatives make the decisions.

20
Q

Reserved Powers

A

Powers given to the state governments alone.

21
Q

Separation of Powers

A

Constitutional authority is shared by three different branches of government.

22
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

A 1787 rebellion in which ex–Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes.

23
Q

Unalienable

A

A human right based on nature or God.

24
Q

Virginia Plan

A

Proposal to create a strong national government.

25
Q

Amendment

A

A new provision in the Constitution that has been ratified by the states.