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Government > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Albany Plan of Union

A

1754 attempt to address colonial trade and unite during the French & Indian War

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2
Q

Anti-federalists

A

Opposed to the new Constitution

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3
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

First Constitution for USA- drafted during the revolution in 1777

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4
Q

Bicameral

A

2 houses

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5
Q

Commerce and slave compromise

A

1) Congress was forbidden from taxing exports

2) Congress could not regulate the slave trade for 20 years

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6
Q

Charter

A

Direct control of people (2 colonies)

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7
Q

Confederation

A

Power in the local states

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8
Q

Connecticut or Great Compromise

A
  1. Bicameral Legislature
    Representation: based on population in the lower house and equal representation in the upper house (compromise)
  2. Executive- 1
  3. Judiciary- Supreme Court and state courts
  4. Gave co-equal powers to Central and local government (Federal)
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9
Q

Constitution

A
  • James Madison’s idea
  • “Framers” (55) group sent to Philadelphia in 1787 summer to discuss a new constitution in secret/to revise Articles of Confederation
  • 2 major plans: Virginia Plan (James Madison) & New Jersey Plan (William Patterson)
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10
Q

Federalists

A

In favor of new Constitution

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11
Q

Framers

A

Group of 55 delegates sent to Philadelphia- 1787 summer

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12
Q

Limited government

A

Government not all powerful

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13
Q

Magna Carta

A

(1215) signed by King John - established the principle that the monarchy wasn’t absolute “Constitution of the U.S. Constitution”

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14
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

William Patterson

  • 3 branches
  • unicameral-legislature
  • representation equal one vote per state
  • national executive- 3 people
  • national judiciary- supreme and state courts
  • limited powers to the central government/shared with states- FEDERAL
  • issue: representation in Legislative branch
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15
Q

Petition of Right

A

(1628) signed by Charles I established the idea that even the monarch must obey

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16
Q

Philadelphia Convention

A

Original purpose was to revise the Articles of Confederation
Scraped the entire thing-wrote a new constitution

17
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

Power of the people

18
Q

Proprietary

A

Direct control of the proprietor/land lord (3 colonies)

19
Q

Quorum

A

Majority

20
Q

Ratification

A

Official approval

21
Q

Representative government

A

Government should serve the will of the people

22
Q

Royal

A

Direct control of the crown (8 colonies)

23
Q

Second Continental Congress

A

1775

First time all colonies united! (1st national government) during the war for independence

24
Q

Three-Fifths Compromise

A
  1. Slaves would be counted three-fifths of a person.

2. Must pay three-fifths of a head tax

25
Q

Unicameral

A

1 house

26
Q

Virginia Plan

A

James Madison “Father of our Constitution”

  • 3 separate branches
  • bicameral-Legislature
  • representation on population or the amount of $ you gave the government
  • national executive (1-president)
  • national judiciary (1- Supreme Court)
  • greatly increased powers for the central government (tax, regulate trade, etc) UNITARY
27
Q

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

A
  1. No power to tax (borrow)
  2. No power to regulate trade
  3. No power to enforce trade
  4. Amendments (change to the Articles) only with the consent of all 13 states
28
Q

Why did people oppose the new Constitution?

A
  1. Too much power given to the Federal government (Feds)

2. No Bill of Rights (people)

29
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

Revolt against land/home foreclosures- led to violence

30
Q

Major sources of Constitution

A

Greece (democracy)
Rome (republic based on law)
Great Britain (limited government)

31
Q

What men favor and oppose the constitution?

A

Favor: James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson
Oppose: Patrick Henry

32
Q

Who was not at the Constitutional convention? Why?

A

Patrick Henry- “smelt a rat”

John Adams and Thomas Jefferson- diplomats in Europe, etc.

Government (4 decks)

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