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Veterinary medical terminology > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

1

A

uni

mono

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2
Q

2

A

duo
bi
dyo

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3
Q

3

A

tri

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4
Q

4

A

quadri
quadro
tetr
tetra

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5
Q

5

A

quinqu
quint
pent
penta

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6
Q

6

A

sex
hex
hexa

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7
Q

7

A

sept
septi
hept
hepta

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8
Q

8

A

octo
oct
octa

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9
Q

9

A

novem
nonus
ennea

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10
Q

10

A

deca
decem
dek
deka

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11
Q

dorsal recumbency

A

flat on back for xray with legs out

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12
Q

ventral/sternal recumbency

A

flat on stomach with legs out for xray

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13
Q

lateral recumbency

A

laying on side of table left or right

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14
Q

anaplasia

A

A CHANGE in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other

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15
Q

aplasia

A

LACK OF DEVELOPMENT of an organ, tissue, or cell

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16
Q

dysplasia

A

ABNORMAL growth or devlopment of an organ, tissue or cel

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17
Q

hyperplasia

A

abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in an organ, tissue, or cell

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18
Q

hypoplasia

A

incomplete or less than normal development of an organ, tissue, or cell

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19
Q

neoplasia

A

any abnormal new growth of tissue in which MULTIPLICATION of cells is uncontrolled, more rapid than normal, and progressive
cancer/DEATH

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20
Q

tumor

A

neoplasms the usually form a distinct mass of tissue

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21
Q

two types of tumors

A

benign

malignant

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22
Q

benign

A

not recurring

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23
Q

malignant

A

tending to spread and be life threatening

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24
Q

suffix “oma” means?

A

tumor or neoplasm

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25
Q

atrophy

A

decrease in size or complete wasting of organ, tissue, or cell

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26
Q

different prefixes to describe problems with tissue formation

A 
Anaplasia
aplasia
dysplasia
hyperplasia
hypoplasia
neoplasia
atrophy
dystrophy
hypertrophy
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27
Q

medial

A

two insides of the legs

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28
Q

lateral

A

two outsides of the legs

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29
Q

dorsal plane

A

divides among top and bottom of body (top half being back and head and lower half being belly and legs

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30
Q

transverse plane

A

divides the body from front to back
cranial and caudal
may also include cutting leg in half top to bottom?

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31
Q

sagittal plane

A

cuts body in unequal parts left and right

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32
Q

dorsal

A

back

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33
Q

ventral

A

belly

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34
Q

positional terms describe body _____ and the __________body structures have to each other

A

location

relationships

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35
Q

Relative location

A

is described throughout the use of pairs of contrasting body direction terms

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36
Q

body directions

A 
medial vs lateral
craniel vs caudal
dorsal vs ventral
proximal vs distal
palmer vs planter
rostal vs caudal
anterior vs posterior
superior vs inferior
superficial vs deep
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37
Q

superficial vs deep

A

top of skin vs deep in body

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38
Q

medial vs lateral

A

inside legs vs outside legs

towards midline vs away from midline

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39
Q

craniel vs caudal

A

front half of body vs back half of body

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40
Q

dorsal vs ventral

A

back vs stomach/belly

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41
Q

proximal vs distal

A

closer to body vs further away

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42
Q

palmer vs planter

A

front two paws vs back two paws

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43
Q

rostal vs caudal

A

front of forhead vs back of forhead

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44
Q

anterior vs posterior

A

front of organ body vs rear of organ body

head-butt-standing-up!!!

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45
Q

superior vs inferior

A

uppermost vs lowermost

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46
Q

body planes

A

midsagittal plane
sagittal plane
transverse plane
dorsal plane

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47
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides body in UNEQUAL left and right parts

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48
Q

midsagittal/median plane

A

divides body in EQUAL left and right parts

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49
Q

Dorsal plane

A

divides body into back and belly parts

dorsal back and venteral belly

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50
Q

transverse plane

A

divides body into cranial and caudal parts

front body cranial and back body caudal

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51
Q

logy

A

study of

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52
Q

anatomy

A

study of body structure

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53
Q

physiology

A

study of body functions

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54
Q

pathology

A

study of nature, causes and development of abnormal conditions

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55
Q

pathophysiology

A

study of changes in function caused by desease

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56
Q

etiology

A

study of disease

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57
Q

Body cavities

A 
Cranial
spinal
thoracic/chest
pelvic
abdominal/peritoneal
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58
Q

a body cavity is a ____ or _____ space in the body that contains and protects the internal organs

A

hole and hollow

59
Q

a body cavity is a hole or hollow space in the body that _____ and ______ the internal organ

A

contains and protects

60
Q

abdominal/peritoneal cavity

A

major guts

61
Q

recumbency positions

A

dorsal
ventral
left lateral
right lateral

62
Q

the medical term for lying down is

A

recumbent

63
Q

the medical term for _____ down is recumbent

A

lying

64
Q

pathology is the study of the nature, causes and development of ______ conditions

A

abnormal

65
Q

study terms

A

Physiology
pathology
etiology
anatomy

66
Q

logy is concidered what word part

A

suffix

67
Q

genetic

A

pertains to genes

68
Q

genetic disorder

A

any disease or condition caused by defective genes

69
Q

con means

A

with

70
Q

congenital

A

something present at birth

71
Q

congenital is something present at _____

A

birth

72
Q

anomaly is deviation from what is ______

A

normal

73
Q

anomaly

A

deviation from what is normal

74
Q

four main types of tissue

A

epithelial=skin
connective
muscle
nervous

75
Q

tissue is a group of specialized cells that join together to perform of a certain _____

A

function

76
Q

tissue

A

a group of specialized cells that jooin together to perform a certain function

77
Q

histology is the study of _____

A

tissue

78
Q

Histology

A

the stufy of tissue

79
Q

tissue can form ______ and ______

A

normally and abnormally

80
Q

_______ can form normally and abnormally

A

Tissue

81
Q

plasia

A

describes formation, development and GROWTH OF TISSUE and cell numbers

82
Q

plasia describes formation, development and growth of _____ and ___ ___.

A

tissue and cell numbers

83
Q

trophy

A

describes formation, development, and INCREASED size of tissue and cells

84
Q

Hist/o

A

tisses

85
Q

Atrphy is a ______ in size or complete _____ of an organ, tissue, or cell

A

decrease

wasting

86
Q

dystrophy is a ______ growth in the size of an organ, tissue, or cell

A

defective

87
Q

Hypertrophy ==________ in size of an organ, tissue, or cell

A

increase

88
Q

Hypertrophy

A

increase in size of a cell, tissue or organ

89
Q

what are the two types of glands

A

exocrine and endocrine

90
Q

Glands

A

groups of specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body

91
Q

Glands are groups of _____ ____ that ____ material used elsewhere in the _____

A

specialized cells
secrete
body

92
Q

exocrine

A

glands secrete material into ducts
**exo=out
LOCAL

93
Q

Endocrine

A

glands secrete chemicals into the bloodstream
**endo=within
ALL OVER BODY

94
Q

crine

A

to secrete

95
Q

Organs

A

part of the body that performs a special function of functions

96
Q

Greek form is used to describe a _______ ________

A

Pathological finding

97
Q

Each organ has its own ___ or ___ which are ____ and ____ in origin

A

Form or forms

Latin or Greek

98
Q

When an organ has multiple combining forms

A
  • •Latin form used to describe or modify something

* •Greek form used to describe a pathological finding

99
Q

Latin form is used to ______ or _____ something

A

Describe or modify

100
Q

Bones

A

Oste/o, oss/e, oss/i

101
Q

Joints

A

Arthr/o

102
Q

Cartilage

A

Chondr/o

103
Q

Muscles

A

My/o

104
Q

Fascia

A

Fasc/i, fasci/o

105
Q

Tendons

A

Ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

106
Q

Heart

A

Cardi/o

107
Q

Arteries

A

Arteri/o

108
Q

Veins

A

Ven/o, phleb/o

109
Q

Blood

A

Hem/o, hemat/o

110
Q

Lymph

A

Lymph/o

111
Q

Tonsils

A

Tonsil/o

112
Q

What are all of the organs

A 
Bones
Joints
Cartilage
Muscles
Fascia
Tendons
Heart
Arteries
Veins
Blood
Lymph 
Tonsils
Spleen
Thymus
Nose
Pharynx
Trachea
Larynx
Lungs
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestines
Large intestines
113
Q

Spleen

A

Splen/o

114
Q

Thymus

A

Thym/o

115
Q

Nose

A

Nas/o, rhin/o,

116
Q

Pharynx

A

Pharyng/o

117
Q

Trachea

A

Trache/o

118
Q

Larynx

A

Laryng/o

119
Q

Lung

A

Pneum/ o, pneumon/o

120
Q

Mouth

A

Or/ o, stomat/o

121
Q

Esophagus

A

Esophag/ o

122
Q

Stomach

A

Gastr/o

123
Q

Small intestines

A

Enter/o

124
Q

Large intestines

A

Col/ o, colon/o

125
Q

Liver

A

Hepat/o

126
Q

Pancreas

A

Pancreat/o

127
Q

Kidneys

A

Ren/o, nephr/o

128
Q

Ureters

A

Ureter/o

129
Q

Bladder

A

Cyst/o

130
Q

Urethra

A

Urethra/o

131
Q

Brain

A

Encephal/o

132
Q

Spinal cord

A

Myel/o

133
Q

Eyes

A

Ophthalm/o, ocul/o, opt/o, opt/i

134
Q

Sight

A

Optic/o

135
Q

Ears

A

Ot/o, aur/i, aur/o, audit/o, aud/i

136
Q

Skin

A

Dermat/o, derm/o, cutane/e

137
Q

Adrenals

A

Adren/o

138
Q

Gonads

A

Gonad/o

139
Q

Pineal

A

Pineal/o

140
Q

Pituitary

A

Pituit/o

141
Q

Thyroid, thyr/o

A

Thyroid/o

142
Q

Testes

A

Orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, testicul/o

143
Q

Overies

A

Overi/o

Oophor/o

144
Q

Uterus

A 
Hyster/o
Metr/o
Metr/i
Metri/o
Uter/o

Veterinary medical terminology (10 decks)

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