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Biopsych > Chapter 2/3 > Flashcards

Chapter 2/3 Flashcards

0
Q

Santiago Ramón y Cajal

A
  • Cajal drew detailed drawings of the nervous system
  • Drew them with synapses (neurons don’t touch)
  • Golgi stained the cells and found Cajal’s theory to be true
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1
Q

4 kinds of neurons

A

Astrocyte
Schwann cell
Microglia
Radial glia

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2
Q

4 types of Glia cell

A

Astrocyte
Schwann Cell
Microglia
Radial glia

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3
Q

Astrocyte

A

Sends brain waste into capillary (bloodstream)

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4
Q

Schwann Cell

A

Responsible for myelin in the peripheral cell

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5
Q

Microglia

A

Sit around in synapse and make sure messages are staying synapse

Quarantines damaged neurons (bacteria,fungi,etc)

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6
Q

Radial glia

A

Guide neurons where to go

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7
Q

Function of brain barrier

A

Protects the brain

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8
Q

2 types of refractory periods

A

Absolute

Relative

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9
Q

Absolute refractory period

A

Absolutely no second potential can occur

As long as Na+ and K+ gates are open

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10
Q

Relative refractory period

A

An action potential can occur if there is stronger than normal stimulation

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11
Q

Salvatore conduction

A

Action potential jumping from node to node

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12
Q

What did Charles Sherrington discover?

A

Experimented by pinching dogs leg
Noticed a delay in response
Concluded that delay must be due to synapse- reflex arc

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13
Q

Reflexes

A

Automatic muscular response to stimuli

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14
Q

Reflex arc

A

Lag time or circuit sensory from neuron to muscle

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15
Q

Temporal summation

A

Repeated stimuli at the same receptor site over time (cumulative effect)

16
Q

Spatial summation

A

Several synaptic inputs originating from desperate locations can exert a cumulative effect

17
Q

IPSP

A

Inhibitory post synaptic potential

Graded hyper polarization
Neuron becomes more negative
Reflex (not wanting the body to do something)

18
Q

EPSP

A

Excitatory post synaptic potential
Graded depolarization
Neuron becomes more positive

19
Q

Otto Loewi

A

Stimulated one nerve to increase HR and decreased another hearts HR

moved the fluid

Discovered transmission is chemical and electrical

20
Q

6 types of NT

A 
Amino acids 
Peptides 
Purines
Gases 
Acetylcholine 
Monoamines
21
Q

Amino acids

A

GABA (inhibitory)

Glutamate (excitatory)

22
Q

Peptides

A

Endorphins (inhibitory)

When you get hurt–> release endorphins–> with time they wear off and you feel pain

23
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Motor movement

24
Q

Monoamines

A

One amino acid creates a whole bunch of different neurotransmitters

Indolamines- serotonin
Tryptophan- serotonin (5ht)
Catecholamines-dopamine,norepinephrine, epinephrine

25
Q

Purines

A

Adenosine (make you tired)

26
Q

Gases

A

Nitric oxide (notify a whole bunch of Neurons at once)

Biopsych (2 decks)

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