Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is the main goal of AAC for someone who cannot communicate functionally?
- To communicate messages so they can interact in conversations
- To be able to participate at home, in school, at work, and in recreational activities
- To learn their native language
- To establish and maintain social roles
- To meet personal needs
What are some factors that influence the AAC?
- Experience of the SLP
- Differences in age, gender and social roles
- Individual preferences
- Environment where person spends time
- Individual family specifics
- AAC technology itself
- Individual abilities
What are the messages of conversation?
Greetings, small talk, storytelling, procedural description, content-specific information, wrap-up/closing statements
Describe spoken communication.
More personal references, more first and second person pronouns, shorter thought units, more monosyllabic and familiar words, less lexical diversity, repetition is more common.
Describe school vocabulary.
Subjects change frequently-different topics are mentioned; less social/more used with unfamiliar adults; language is basically used to gain information; less slang is used
What are some age variables that should be taken into consideration?
As we age, we use fewer pronouns, make more ambiguous references, show a decrease in lexical variety
True or False: Expressive vocabulary decreases by the 7th decade
True
Keeping gender variables in mind, describe characteristics of men’s speech.
Men use fewer pronouns, more adjectives, more unusual adverbs, more unusual prepositions, words relating to time, space, quality and destruction actions.
Keeping gender variations in mind, describe characteristics of women’s speech.
Women use more auxiliary words, more flowery language, more negations, and talk about feelings, emotions, and themselves.
What are the three categories of clients for vocabulary selection?
Preliterate, nonliterate, literate
What kind of vocabulary do you select for a preliterate client?
Coverage and developmental vocabulary
What is coverage vocabulary?
Coverage vocabulary covers basic communication needs and wants. It is very individualized and depends on the needs of the person.
What is developmental vocabulary?
Developmental vocabulary should encourage vocabulary growth. It should encourage word combination to increase vocabulary growth.
What should the focus be for non-literate individuals?
Functional vocabulary
What is functional vocabulary?
- Use symbols - pic syms, PCS, etc.
- Include symbols to increase communication possibilities.
- Whole messages are best to use - example, glass of water is the symbol and message says “I want a glass of water please”.
- Vocabulary must be age and gender appropriate
What are the three types of messages that may be prepared for quick retrieval in literate individuals?
Messages related to timing enhancement, those related to message acceleration, and those related to fatigue reduction
What are messages related to timing enhancement?
These are messages that need to be communicated quickly - they usually are stored as whole messages.
What are messages related to message acceleration?
For messages that are lengthy and occur frequently, such as “I need to be suctioned please”.
True or False: The SLP/clinical staff does not need to understand/identify when fatigue occurs.
False
What is core vocabulary?
Words commonly used by most people in public situations, such as “how are you, I am fine”.
What is fringe vocabulary?
Personalized vocabulary used by an individual in particular situations. Need to know the person’s interests, job, family, etc. Slang phrases for teens would be different than slang phrases for an adult.
What are some factors to consider when selecting fringe vocabulary?
Age, cognitive ability, language ability, facilitator ability, gender
True or False: You should only consult with the AAC user themselves when discussing the design/use of an AAC
False: Always consult, user, family, friends, teacher, co-worker, i.e. anyone intimately involved with the user
What are some factors when considering fringe vocabulary?
- Interesting or why would you want to use it.
- Frequently used - over and over
- Relevant words that are needed
- Easily interpreted.
What are some possible sources to draw core vocabulary lists from?
Peers, other AAC users, family/friends, etc
What is vocabulary maintenance?
Follow up and throw out unneeded words or add needed words. Change vocabulary for seasons, holiday, etc. Normal speakers can pull out and access any and all vocabulary we need-AAC user relies on us to give them what they need
What is a vocabulary diary?
Have parents/family do a diary of words/phrases needed by the AAC user.
What is an environmental/ecological inventory?
Following the user around and making note of the people/equipment they use/come in contact with on a daily basis
