Chapter 2 Flashcards
(33 cards)
What is the nucleus of an atom
The central part of an atom
What is a neutron
A subatomic particle with a mass of 1 and no charge
What is a proton
The positively charged part of an atom with a charge
What is an electron
The part of an atom with no mass and a negative charge
What is an isotope
A chemical that has different numbers of neutrons, but the same amount of electrons
How do you calculate the atomic number
Look at the number of electrons
How do you find the atomic mass
The number of protons (equal to electrons) plus the number of neutrons
What is a noble gas
An element in group zero with an extremely stable charge, therefore not being reactive as it cannot be made into an ion
How do you determine the charge of an ion
Look at its group on the periodic table.
1+2+3+,3-2-1-
Who was democritus
A Greek philosopher in 380 bc
He thought that the universe was mad of tiny nuggets
Who was Charles Augustine de coulomb
A French man who theorised that opposite charges attracted
Who was John Dalton
A man who thought that all substances were made of indivisible atoms
Who was JJ Thompson
A man who thought that atoms were made of something smaller, finding the electron.
He created the plum pudding model
Who was Ernest rutherford
A ma who shot alpha particles through atoms and saw that some were reflected
He saw that the reflected ones were in the middle, discovering the nucleus
Who was Niels bohr
A man who found out that electrons were held on shells with more energy on the outside
Who was Erwin Schrödinger
He showed how electrons move around the outside of atoms in waves
Who was Werner Heisenberg
He published the uncertainty principle which shows how you cannot know the location of the electron due to Schrodinger’s law
Who was James Chadwick
He found out that an atom was too heavy and had not enough charge to be made of only protons and electrons, discovering charge less neutrons.
What is the relative mass of protons, neutrons and electrons
1,1,0
What is the charge of protons, neutrons and electrons
1+,0,1-
What is the atomic number
The amount of protons in an atom, equal to the electrons
What is the mass number
Mass of the atom: neutrons and protons
How do you calculate the mass of isotopes
(Mass 1 x percentage 1 as decimal) + (mass 2 x percentage 2 but as decimal)
Where do you read a meniscus from
The bottom of the line at eye level
