Chapter 2 Flashcards
What are the three branches of government established by the U.S. Constitution?
Legislative, executive, and judicial
These branches provide a separation of powers with checks and balances.
What is the primary function of the legislative branch?
To write and pass laws
The legislative branch is made up of elected representatives.
What are the duties of the executive branch?
To enforce and administer the law
The executive branch includes the president, vice president, and federal agencies.
What is the role of the judicial branch?
To interpret the meaning of laws and examine issues such as constitutionality
The judicial branch may also consider the intent behind laws.
What two chambers make up the U.S. Congress?
The Senate and the House of Representatives
Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.
What power does Congress have regarding presidential vetoes?
Congress can override presidential vetoes
This demonstrates the system of checks and balances.
What authority does Congress grant to federal agencies?
The power to promulgate regulations
For example, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) issues regulations based on laws enacted by Congress.
Who is included in the executive branch?
President, vice president, president’s cabinet, and federal agencies
These entities report to the president and implement laws.
What is the lowest level of courts in the federal judicial system?
District courts
These serve as federal trial courts.
What happens to cases decided by district courts?
They can be appealed to federal appellate courts
Appellate courts are also known as circuit courts.
How many regional circuits are the federal appellate courts divided into?
12
Each district court is assigned to a specific circuit.
What is the highest court in the federal court system?
U.S. Supreme Court
The Supreme Court interprets federal law and the U.S. Constitution.
In what circumstances can the U.S. Supreme Court function as a trial court?
In rare instances
Typically, the Supreme Court hears appeals from circuit courts.
What powers may federal agencies wield?
Legislative, executive, and judicial powers
Agencies can issue rules, investigate violations, and settle disputes.
Fill in the blank: The U.S. Congress consists of the _______ and the House of Representatives.
Senate
True or False: The executive branch has the power to interpret laws.
False
The judicial branch interprets laws, while the executive branch enforces them.
