Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is a Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) and where can you find it?
identifies whether the computer and hardware have Linux driver support. Many Linux distribution websites and manufacturer websites contain this list.
Installation Media (ISO Image)
- Standard DVD ISO image
- Live Media DVD/USB ISO image
- Virtual Machine Host ISO image
Most commonly a DVD. Most computers check the DVD for a startup program immediately after being turned on. ISO file can be written onto a DVD and downloaded from the OS distributor website.
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Can USB drive be used to boot and install OS?
Yes, provided the computer allows booting from a USB drive.
Live Media image
Live Media image can be used on a DVD/USB. When the computer boots live media a fully functional OS will be loaded into the RAM. This a great way to test all hardware drivers were detected correctly prior to installing it to permanent storage.
Virtualization Software
Runs multiple OS concurrently. Ex: Microsoft Hyper-V, VMWare, Oracle VM VirtualBox
virtual machine
a name for each OS that is run within virtualization software.
Virtual Machine Host
the underlying OS running the virtualization software
Explain how to install Linux as a virtual Machine
Download the Standard DVD or Live Media DVD ISO image to a directory on your virtual machine host. When running the virtualization software and create a new virtual machine you can select the downloaded iso directly. No need to write the ISO image to a DVD or a USB flash drive.
What is the core component of the OS?
The kernel which is a file usually called vmlinuz located on the hard disk and loaded when you first turn on your computer.
What is a terminal?
the channel that allows you to log into Linux. Terminal > Shell > Kernel
What is a shell?
It is the user interface of the terminal. It accepts input and send it to the kernel for processing.
What is the default shell in Linux?
The BASH shell (Bourne Again Shell)
What is a command line terminal and how does it differ from a GUI?
The command line is text based and the default when logging into a terminal. Command line prompts you to type commands to tell the Linux kernel what to do.
A GUI can be accessed after log in via the command line. GUI can use a pointing device, typically a mouse, to navigate and start tasks.
What is required to log into an installed Linux OS?
Valid user name and password.
What is the command line prompt for a root user?
hashtag underscore #_
What is the command line prompt for a regular user?
$_
What is a gdm?
Gnome Desktop Manager
Give an example of a terminal name.
tty1
How do you access a command-line terminal within the GNOME desktop?
Top Left > Activities > Applications > Utilities > Terminal
What are basic shell “commands?”
indicates the name of the program to execute (case-sensitive)
What are basic shell “options?”
Alters the way the command works. Options are specific to the commands.
Specific letters that start with a dash(-) and appear after the command. (case-sensitive)
What are basic shell “arguments?”
Specifies parameters that tailor the command to your particular needs.
Appears after the command name and does not start with a dash. (case-sensitive)
How do you cycle through previously entered commands in the BASH shell?
The arrow keys (up, down, left, right)
What is the “su -“ command?
Switch user command. If no user is named it is assumed to be root. Ex: “su - root” and “su - user1”
shell metacharacters
keyboard characters that have special meaning. Ex: $ which tells the shell that the following text refers to a variable.
shell variable
$
a piece of information that is stored in memory. variable names are typically uppercase words and most variables are set by the Linux system when you log in.
Ctrl+C
cancel the current command and return to the normal command prompt
How do you enclose a shell variable so the shell does not interpret its special meaning?
Single Quotation marks ‘My Shell is $SHELL’
Double Quatation marks “My Shell is $SHELL”
backslash My Shell is \SHELL
Where can you find the documentation for Linux commands?
manual pages (man pages)
type man command foll0wed by a command name on the terminal screen
How do you search for commands?
man -k searchname
What is the command for turning off the computer in Linux?
shutdown -P +15
shutdown(command) -P(period of time) +15(15 minutes)
Users must log in to a FILL_IN and receive
a FILL_IN before they can interact with the
Linux system and kernel.
terminal, shell
A typical Linux installation prompts the
user for what information?
language, date, time zone, keyboard layout, user account configuration, and permanent storage configuration.
Prior to installation what should you verify?
hardware requirements and compatibility
True or False…Regardless of the type of terminal that you
use (graphical or command-line), you can
enter commands, options, and arguments
at a shell prompt to perform system tasks,
obtain command help, or shut down the
Linux system.
True
- Which two partitions do you typically
create at minimum during a Fedora
Linux installation? (Choose two answers.)
a. /
b. /boot
c. swap
d. /home
a. / (partition to the root directory)
c. swap (virtual memory)
- Which of the following refers to the third primary partition on the second SAS
hard disk within Linux?
a. hdb2
b. sda3
c. hdb3
d. sdb3
b. sda3
- Users enter commands directly to the
kernel of the Linux operating system.
True or False?
True
- Which command blanks the terminal
screen, erasing previously displayed
output?
a. erase
b. clean
c. blank
d. clear
d. clear
- Which command displays the users
who are currently logged in to the Linux
system?
a. finger
b. who
c. id
d. date
b. who
- When sitting at a computer running
Linux, what key combination do you
press to open the graphical terminal?
a. Ctrl+Alt+G
b. Ctrl+Alt+F4
c. Ctrl+Alt+F1
d. Ctrl+7
c. Ctrl+Alt+F1
- You know a Linux command will
perform a desired function for you, but
you cannot remember the full name
of the command. You do remember it
will flush a variable from your system.
Which command typed at a command
prompt displays a list of commands that
would likely contain the command you
desire?
a. man –k flush
b. man –k find all
c. man flush
d. man –key flush
a. man -k flush
- What command is equivalent to the
man –k keyword command?
a. find keyword
b. man keyword
c. apropos keyword
d. appaloosa keyword
c. apropos
- What equivalent to the man command
generally provides an easier-to-read
description of the queried command
and contains links to other related
information?
a. who
b. man help
c. man -descriptive
d. info
d. info
- What command can you use to
safely shut down the Linux system
immediately?
a. shutdown -c
b. shutdown -r
c. down
d. halt
b. shutdown -r
