chapter 2

Question 1

What are the exogenous ways of spread of an infection?

Answer 1

1. Contact or direct
2. Airborne
3. Implantation
4. Lymphatic
5. Hematogenous

Question 2

What are the endogenous ways of a spread of the infection?

Answer 2

Contact, hematogenous, and lymphogenous

Question 3

What is the difference between treating endogenous and exogenous infections?

Answer 3

Exogenous infections are treated by methods of asepsis and endogenous by antiseptic methods

Question 4

what is antisepsis?

Answer 4

It is a complex of arrangements aimed to fight against infections in the human body preventing and eliminating infections and inflammatory processes

Question 5

what are the different types of antisepsis?

Answer 5

• Mechanical
• Physical
• Chemical
• Biological

Question 6

what is mechanical antisepsis?

Answer 6

It is the removal of the microflora from the infected, septic wound and separated focus of tissues, past, and fibrin

Question 7

What are the variants of mechanical antisepsis?

Answer 7

Primary and secondary surgical treatment of wound

Question 8

What is the basis of physical antisepsis?
Laws of capillarity, diffusion, osmosis, affection of laser, principle of siphon, and ultrasound

Question 9

What are components of physical antisepsis?
1. Drainage of wounds
2. usage of gauze tampons
3. mikulik tamponade
4. laser
5. ultrasound

How long does the drainage properties last for?
8 hours

What are the advantages of chemical antisepsis?
1. Wide Antibacterial spectrum of action
2. low resistance to the bactericidal and drug effects of microorganisms

what are the requirements of antiseptic agents?
- Bactericidal or bacteriostatic action onto microorganisms
- the properties of the antiseptic agents are kept when it contacts biological fluids like blood, exudate, & pus
- the manufacturing of antiseptic agents should be inexpensive