Chapter 2

Question 1

What is the function of a phospholipid?

Answer 1

Forms cell membranes, controls substance movement and aid in cell signalling.

Question 2

Function of a Channel protein?

Answer 2

Allows a substance to move across the membrane.
(Aquaporins to allow water to easily diffuse across)

Question 3

Function of a Channel protein?

Answer 3

Allows a substance to move across the membrane.
(Aquaporins to allow water to easy diffuse across)

Question 4

Function of a carrier protein

Answer 4

Selectively interacts with specific molecules or ions so it can cross membrane
(Sodium & potassium pump)

Question 5

Function of receptor protein

Answer 5

Specifically shaped to a specific molecule .
(Liver store glue code after insulin binds to cell receptor)

Question 6

Functions of cholesterol.

Answer 6

Higher temp —> increases intermolecular forces and hold more tightly together, reducing fluidity.

Lower Temp —> molecules prevent the close packing of phospholipids into gel.

Question 7

Function of cell recognition protein (Glycoproteins)

Answer 7

Allows cells to be recognized by the body’s immune system.

Question 8

What is a fluid mosaic model made out of?

Answer 8

•Lipids
•proteins
•carbohydrates

Question 9

What are two type of membrane transport

Answer 9

Passive & active transport

Question 10

What are the types of passive transport

Answer 10

•Diffusion
•Osmosis
•Facilitated Diffusion

Question 11

What is diffusion?

Answer 11

•Movement of molecules from high to low concentration

•continues until equilibrium is reached

Question 12

What is osmosis?

Answer 12

•passive transport of H2O across a semi-permeable membrane

•Moves from an area of low to high solute concentration

Question 13

What is Facilitated Diffusion?

Answer 13

Large/ hydrophilic molecules are allowed to diffuse through the cell membrane by the way of specialized transport proteins

Question 14

What are 2 type of transport proteins?

Answer 14

Channel proteins —> open or closes
Carrier Proteins —>changes shape to allow passage

Question 15

What is passive transport?

Answer 15

No energy (ATP) required

Question 16

What is active transport?

Answer 16

ATP required to move molecules against a concentration gradient.

Question 17

What are the types of active transport?

Answer 17

•Endocytosis
•Exocytosis
•Protein Pumps

Question 18

What is Endocytosis?

Answer 18

•Used to move large molecules into the cell

Question 19

What is phagocytosis and Pinocytosis?

Answer 19

Phagocytosis —>Transport of large molecules/ Cells into the cell
(Cell eating)

Pinocytosis —> Transports of liquids into the cell
(Cell eating)

Question 20

What is Exocytosis

Answer 20

•Used to export/remove large molecules from the cell

Question 21

What is Na/K pump?

Answer 21

Moves Na out and K in the cell
• Transports 3 sodium ions out for every 2 potassium ions in

Question 22

What is Proton Pump?

Answer 22

ATP used to transport protons again the concentration gradient.