Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is the function of a phospholipid?
Forms cell membranes, controls substance movement and aid in cell signalling.
Function of a Channel protein?
Allows a substance to move across the membrane.
(Aquaporins to allow water to easily diffuse across)
Function of a Channel protein?
Allows a substance to move across the membrane.
(Aquaporins to allow water to easy diffuse across)
Function of a carrier protein
Selectively interacts with specific molecules or ions so it can cross membrane
(Sodium & potassium pump)
Function of receptor protein
Specifically shaped to a specific molecule .
(Liver store glue code after insulin binds to cell receptor)
Functions of cholesterol.
Higher temp —> increases intermolecular forces and hold more tightly together, reducing fluidity.
Lower Temp —> molecules prevent the close packing of phospholipids into gel.
Function of cell recognition protein (Glycoproteins)
Allows cells to be recognized by the body’s immune system.
What is a fluid mosaic model made out of?
•Lipids
•proteins
•carbohydrates
What are two type of membrane transport
Passive & active transport
What are the types of passive transport
•Diffusion
•Osmosis
•Facilitated Diffusion
What is diffusion?
•Movement of molecules from high to low concentration
•continues until equilibrium is reached
What is osmosis?
•passive transport of H2O across a semi-permeable membrane
•Moves from an area of low to high solute concentration
What is Facilitated Diffusion?
Large/ hydrophilic molecules are allowed to diffuse through the cell membrane by the way of specialized transport proteins
What are 2 type of transport proteins?
Channel proteins —> open or closes
Carrier Proteins —>changes shape to allow passage
What is passive transport?
No energy (ATP) required
What is active transport?
ATP required to move molecules against a concentration gradient.
What are the types of active transport?
•Endocytosis
•Exocytosis
•Protein Pumps
What is Endocytosis?
•Used to move large molecules into the cell
What is phagocytosis and Pinocytosis?
Phagocytosis —>Transport of large molecules/ Cells into the cell
(Cell eating)
Pinocytosis —> Transports of liquids into the cell
(Cell eating)
What is Exocytosis
•Used to export/remove large molecules from the cell
What is Na/K pump?
Moves Na out and K in the cell
• Transports 3 sodium ions out for every 2 potassium ions in
What is Proton Pump?
ATP used to transport protons again the concentration gradient.
