Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is immunity?
Ability of the body to resist disease
What is an antigen?
Any substance that causes the body to make an immune response against that substance.
What is an antibody?
Protein made in response to an antigen secreted by plasma cells that aid in defense against infectious agents
What is innate immunity (non-specific immunity)?
Immunity is present at birth and provides immediate, short-term protection against any antigen.
What are B cells?
Provides the body with humoral immunity (provides antibodies to fight off pathogens)
What are T cells?
Recognize antigens from pathogens, tumors, and the environment. Responsible for giving the cells immunity
What are the signs of inflammation?
Dolor (pain);
Calor (heat);
Rubor (redness);
Tumor (swelling);
Functio laesa (loss of function)
Primary and Secondary Immune responses (Implication for the Immunization Schedule)
What is age and the immune system
What is Autoimmunity?
refers to a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own healthy cells, tissues, or organs
What is lupus?
A chronic autoimmune disease that can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, joints, heart, lungs, blood, kidneys, and brain. where the body mistakenly attacks the body’s own healthy cells
Allergy/Hypersensitivity
Type – I
Type – II
Type – III
Type - IV
An extreme immune response to a harmless antigen
What is Type I Hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis?
local allergy
-occurring rapidly where the allergen encounters the body
-triggered by IgE making the body release histamines (causing edema)
What is Type II Hypersensitivity?
-called cytotoxic
- IgM and IgG cause destruction of cells
(ex bad blood transfusion mix [a&b])
What is Type III Hypersensitivity?
-called immunecomplex hypersensitivity
-antigens combine with many antibodies in the blood forming soluble masses called immune complexes (they trigger inflammation and tissue destruction)
