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Turf Team Ch 2 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

Growth and Development

1
Q

the growing point atop an unelongated stem (located at or near the surface of the ground); base of leaves and partially hidden within enclosing leaf sheaths

A

crown

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2
Q

lower portion of the leaf, tightly rolled or folded around the main axis of the shoot

A

sheath

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3
Q

upper portion of the leaf, leaf blade, relatively flat and extends outward at an angle from sheath

A

lamina

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4
Q

a membranous or hairy structure varying in size and shape

A

ligule

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5
Q

opposite the ligule, outer side of the leaf, light green or whitish band

A

collar

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6
Q

base of the leaf blade extension of two clawlike appendages

A

auricle

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7
Q

what are three important features in distinguishing different turfgrass species?

A

ligule, collar, auricle

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8
Q

What is a highly compressed stem with a succession of nodes separated by very short internodes

A

crown

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9
Q

What type of roots develop during seed germination

A

seminal (primary)

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10
Q

What type of roots arise from nodes along a stem and usually constitute the entire root system?

A

adventitious (secondary or nodal)

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11
Q

What grows below the surface of the ground and give rise to new shoots at their terminals and nodes

A

rhizomes

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12
Q

What produces new shoots and adventitious roots, and grow along the surface of the ground

A

stolons

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13
Q

an elongated portion of the axis between the cotyledon and the coleoptile of a grass seedling

A

mesocotyl

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14
Q

outer bract of seed

A

lemma

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15
Q

inner bract of seed

A

palea

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16
Q

rachilla

A

base of palea- a short stemlike structure

17
Q

dried fruit- contains the true seed surrounded by a pericarp

A

caryopsis

18
Q

pericarp

A

ovary wall

19
Q

thin proteinaceous material that plays a role in germination

A

aleurone layer

20
Q

what are the four parts of a true seed

A

pericarp, seed coat, endosperm, embryo

21
Q

which part of the true seed will provide food during germination process

A

endosperm

22
Q

primary root

A

radicle

23
Q

pointed protective sheath covering the emerging shoot

A

coleoptile

24
Q

root sheath is a protective layer of tissue that surrounds the radicle

A

coleorhiza

25
Q

upper shield covering of embryo. Provides nourishment to the developing embryo, between endosperm and main body of embryo

A

scutellum

26
Q

self-fertilization within a permanently closed flower

A

cleistogamy

27
Q

large thin walled, highly vacuolated, transparent epidermal cells present in the intercostal zones of leaf blades

A

bulliform cells

28
Q

What class PGR? Interferes with the production of the plant hormones called gibberellins, which influences cell elongation, photoperiod response, and chilling tolerance

A

Class A PGR

29
Q

What class PGR? Interferes with gibberellin biosynthesis, but at earlier stages in the production pathway

A

Class B PGR

30
Q

What class PGR? mitotic (cell division) inhibitors; they arrest new growth for a limited time period (3-4 weeks)

A

Class C PGR

31
Q

Which micronutrient is the central constituent of the chlorophyll molecule and aides in the absorption of phosphorous

A

Magnesium

32
Q

name the five plant hormones

A

auxin, gibberellins, ethylene, abscisic acid, cytokinin

33
Q

Which plant hormone is this? controls seed and bud dormancy, the control of organ size and stomatal closure

A

abscisic acid

34
Q

Which plant hormone promotes cell division in plant roots and shoots. They are involved primarily in cell growth and differentiation, but also affect apical dominance, axillary bud growth, and leaf senescence

A

cytokinins

35
Q
A

gibberellins

36
Q
A

ethylene

37
Q
A

cytokinins

38
Q
A

Turf Team Ch 2 (1 decks)

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