Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is chemistry?
Chemistry is the study of matter?
What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space and is composed of elements.
What is energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work.
What is potential energy?
Potential energy is stored energy.
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is energy in motion.
What does it mean to by hydrophilic?
Hydrophilic refers to molecules that are attracted to water and interact easily with it.
What does it mean to be hydrophobic?
Hydrophobic refers to molecules that do not interact or dissolve with water.
What are acids?
Acids donate hydrogen ions and increase hydrogen ion concentration in solutions.
What are bases?
Bases accept hydrogen ions and lower their concentration in solutions.
What is dehydration synthesis?
Dehydration synthesis requires energy, and removes the equivalent of water molecule and builds macromolecules from subunits.
What is hydrolysis?
Hydrolysis adds the equivalent of a water molecule and releases energy.
What are tryglicerides?
Triglycerides are known as fats or oils.
What are phospholipids?
Phospholipids are composed of glycerol and two fatty acids.
What are steroids?
Steroids are composed of four carbon rings. Each ring shares a side. An example of this is cholesterol, estrogen, and testosterone. Cholesterol can be converted into estrogen and testosterone.
What are proteins?
Proteins are long chains of amino acids.
