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Gen Chem 1 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Actinide

A

Inner transition metal in the bottom of the bottom two rows of the periodic table

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2
Q

Alkali Metal

A

Elements in Group 1

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3
Q

Alkaline Earth Metal

A

Elements in group 2

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4
Q

Alpha Particle

A

Positively charged particle consisting of two protons and two neurons

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5
Q

Anion

A

Negatively charged atom or molecule (contains more electrons than protons)

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6
Q

Atomic Mass

A

Average mass of atoms of an element (amu)

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7
Q

Atomic Number

A

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

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8
Q

Binary Acid

A

Compound that contains hydrogen and one other element bonded in a way that imparts acidic properties to the compound (ability to release H+ ions when dissolved in water)

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9
Q

Binary Compound

A

Compound containing two different elements

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10
Q

Cation

A

Positively charge atom or molecule (contains fewer electrons than protons)

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11
Q

Chalcogen

A

Elements in group 16

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12
Q

Chemical Symbol

A

one, two, or three-letter abbreviation used to represent an element or its atoms

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13
Q

Covalent Bond

A

attractive force between the nuclei of a molecule’s atoms and pairs of electrons between atoms

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14
Q

Covalent / Molecular Compound

A

Composed of molecules formed by atoms of two or more different elements

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15
Q

Electron

A

Negatively charged, subatomic particle of relatively low mass located outside the nucleus

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16
Q

Empirical Formula

A

Formula showing the composition of a compound given as the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms

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17
Q

Group

A

Vertical columns of the periodic table

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18
Q

Halogen

A

Elements in group 17

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19
Q

Hydrate

A

Compound containing one or more water molecules bound within its crystals

20
Q

Inert / Noble Gas

A

Elements in group 18

21
Q

Inner Transition Metal

A

Elements in the bottom two rows of the periodic table

22
Q

Ion

A

Electrically charged atom or molecule (contains unequal numbers of protons and electrons)

23
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions of an ionic compound

24
Q

Ionic Compound

A

Compound composed of cations and anions combined in ratios, yielding an electrically neutral substance

25
Q

Isomers

A

Compounds with the same chemical formula but different structures

26
Q

Isotopes

A

Atoms that contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

27
Q

Ianthanide

A

Inner transition metals on the top of the bottom two rows of the periodic table

28
Q

Law of Constant Composition

A

All samples of a pure compound contain the same elements in the same proportions by mass

29
Q

Law of Multiple Proportions

A

When two elements react to form more than one compound, a fixed mass of one element will react with masses of the other element in a ratio of small whole numbers

30
Q

Main Group Element

A

Element groups 1-2 and 13-18

31
Q

Mass Number

A

Sum of the numbers of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom

32
Q

Metal

A

Element that is shiny, malleable, good conductor of heat and electricity

33
Q

Metalloid

A

Element that conducts heat and electricity moderately well, and possesses some properties of metals and some properties of nonmetals

34
Q

Molecular Compound

A

Composed of molecules formed by atoms of two or more different elements

35
Q

Molecular Formula

A

Formula indicating the composition of a molecule of a compound and giving the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound

36
Q

Monatomic Ion

A

Ion composed of a single atom

37
Q

Neutron

A

Uncharged, subatomic particle located in the nucleus

38
Q

Nonmental

A

Element that appears dull, poor conductor of heat & electricity

39
Q

Nucleus

A

Positively charged center of an atom made up of protons and neutrons

40
Q

Period

A

Horizontal rows on the periodic table

41
Q

Periodic Law

A

Properties of the elements are periodic function of the atomic numbers

42
Q

Periodic Table

A

Table of the elements that places elements with similar chemical properties close together

43
Q

Polyatomic Ion

A

Ion composed of more than one atom

44
Q

Proton

A

Positively charged, subatomic particle located in the nucleus

45
Q

Structural Isomer

A

One of two substances that have the same molecular formula but different physical and chemical properties because their atoms are bonded differently

46
Q

Transition Metal

A

Element in groups 3-12

Gen Chem 1 (6 decks)

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