Chapter 2

Question 1

Define Cell

Answer 1

Smallest structural unit in the body, specialized to carry out specific functions.

Question 2

Tissue

Answer 2

A group of the same cells that work together to carry out a specific function.

Question 3

Organ

Answer 3

A group of tissues that all have similar properties that work together to carry out specific functions.

Question 4

Organ system

Answer 4

A group of organs that work together to carry out a specific function.

Question 5

State that the structure of an organism….

Answer 5

and the way it functions are the result of all the activities of all of its cells.

Question 6

Cell membrane

Answer 6

Separates cell from environment

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

The gelatinous liquid interior of a cell

Question 8

Cytosol

Answer 8

The gel like matrix of the cytoplasm

Question 9

Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth)

Question 10

Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough)

Question 11

Ribosomes

Answer 11

Site of protein synthesis in the cell

Question 12

Cytoskeleton

Answer 12

Provides a cell its shape and structure

Question 13

Nucleus

Answer 13

Stores genetic information

Question 14

Lysosomes

Answer 14

Protein destruction/ recycling and security

Question 15

Advantage of cells being small

Answer 15

higher volume to SA ratio, giving them greater SA

Question 16

Epithelial tissue

Answer 16

Covering/lining tissue
Outer layer of skin, covering may organs (hearts, kidneys)
inner layer of hollow organs (stomach)

Question 17

Epithelial tissue structure

Answer 17

Cells are closely joined together creating a smooth surface

Question 18

Connective tissue

Answer 18

Provides support of the body and helps hold body parts together (bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments)

Question 19

Structure of Connective Tissue

Answer 19

Cells not close together, separated by matrix

Question 20

Nervous Tissue Structure

Answer 20

Long projections from their cell body which carry messages (electrical impulses) around the body when stimulated

Question 21

Metabolism

Answer 21

All of the chemical processes in your body that occur in order to maintain life.

Question 22

Structure of muscle tissue

Answer 22

long, thin and can contract to become shorter

Question 23

Skeletal muscle

Answer 23

attached to bone, voluntary control, striated

Question 24

Osmosis

Answer 24

Movement of water molecules from high concentration to low concentration through a cells semi-permeable membrane.

Question 25

Calculate S/A: Vol Ratio

Answer 25

SA divided by Volume

Question 26

Structure of a Capillary

Answer 26

Very small lumen, walls one cell thick

Question 27

Diffusion

Answer 27

Passive transport (no ATP) the movement of molecules in a fluid from areas of high to low concentration

Question 28

What is a passive transport process

Answer 28

Type of transport across the cell membrane that doesn’t require any energy (ATP)

Question 29

Chemical equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 29

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 30

Nervous Tissue

Answer 30

Made of specialized nerve cells called neurons, found in brain, spinal cord and nerves