CHAPTER 2

Question 1

the study of interactions between human populations and their environments, including natural resources, ecosystems, and built environments.

Answer 1

human ecology

Question 2

Individual living being, such as a plant, animal, fungus, or microorganism, exhibiting characteristics of life like metabolism, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli

Answer 2

organism

Question 3

All organisms of the same species living in a particular area, characterized by size, density, distibution, and demographic factors like age structure and birth/death rates.

Answer 3

population

Question 4

All populations of different species living and interacting in a specific area or habitat, characterized by species diversity, composition, and ecological interactions like competition, predation, and mutualism. a

Answer 4

community

Question 5

All living organisms (biotic factors) and non-living components (abiotic factors) interacting in a defined area, including soil, water, air, sunlight, climate, and nutrients. Characterized by energy flow and nutrient cycling.

Answer 5

ecosystem

Question 6

Zone of Earth where life exists, encompassing all ecosystems and interactions with the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. Sustains life on the planet and includes all ecological processes

Answer 6

biosphere

Question 7

The process by which organisms evolve traits to better fit their environment, aiding survival and reproduction. Occurs through natural selection and can be structural, physiological, or behavioral, helping species cope withe challenges like climate change and habitat loss

Answer 7

adaptation

Question 8

Protection, management and sustainable use of natural resources and biodiversity to maintain ecological balance. Aims to prevent extinction, preserve genetic diversity, restore habitats, and promote sustainable practices.

Answer 8

conservation

Question 9

Climate changes, like temperature shifts and extreme weather events such as heatwaves and hurricanes, directly impact humanchealth.

Answer 9

climatic effects

Question 10

Seasonal changes in temperature, daylight, and environmental factors affect human health.

Answer 10

seasonal effects

Question 11

refers to the increase in the number of individuals in a population over a specific period, influenced by birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration.

Answer 11

population growth

Question 12

-the study of population dynamics, including factors such as size, distribution, composition, and changes over time.

Answer 12

DEMOGRAPHY

Question 13

encompasses regulations, laws, and measures implemented by authorities to address various societal issues, including those related to the environment, economy, and social welfare.

Answer 13

government policies

Question 14

refer to the carrying capacity of an ecosystem to sustain a population based on available food resources, which can influence population size and growth.

Answer 14

food limita

Question 15

represent the finite availability of energy resources like fossil fuels, which can constrain economic activities and societal development if not managed sustainably.

Answer 15

fuel limits