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Building Construction - Chpt. 2 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Arches

A

Combine the function of a beam and a column.

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2
Q

Attitude

A

Vertical or horizontal orientation.

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3
Q

Axial Load

A

Load that passes through the centroid of a section under construction and is perpendicular to the plane of the section.

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4
Q

Bar Joist

A

Lightweight steel truss joint.

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5
Q

Beam

A

Structural member that transmits forces perpendicular to such forces to the reaction points.

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6
Q

Bent

A

A line of columns in any direction.

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7
Q

Braced Frame

A

Structural system that uses diagonal members to provide bracing against lateral wind and earthquake loads.

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8
Q

Bracket

A

Diagonal member that supports what would otherwise be a cantilever.

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9
Q

Brick and Block Composite Wall

A

Consists of an exterior wythe of brick directly mortared or parged to an inner wythe of concrete masonry unit.

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10
Q

BTU

A

The quantity of heat required to raise the temp of 1 pound of water 1 degree F.

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11
Q

Built-up Girder

A

Made of steel plates and angles riveted together, as distinguished from one rolled from one piece of steel.

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12
Q

Buttress

A

Mass of masonry built against a wall to strengthen it. Necessary when a vault or an arch places a heavy load or thrust on one part of a wall.

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13
Q

Caloric Value

A

Measured in BTU. The amount of heat required to raise 1 pound of water 1 degree F.

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14
Q

Camber

A

Upward rise.

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15
Q

Cantilever Beam

A

A beam supported at one end only, rigidly held in position at that end.

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16
Q

Cantilevered

A

Supported by a cantilever.

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17
Q

Cavity or Hallow Wall

A

A wall built of two wythes separated by a space for rain drainage or insulation.

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18
Q

Centroid

A

The center point at which a body would be stable, or balance, under the influence of gravity.

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19
Q

Chord

A

The outside members (top and bottom) of a truss, as opposed to the inner webbed members.

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20
Q

Column

A

A structural member that transmits a compressive force along a straight path in the direction of the member.

21
Q

Composite

A

Built up of different parts, pieces, or materials

22
Q

Composite Wall

A

A wall composed of two or more masonry materials that react together under load.

23
Q

Compression

A

Direct pushing force, in line with the axis member; the opposite of tension

24
Q

Concentrated load

A

A load acting on a very small area of the structure’s surface; the exact opposite of a distributed load

25
Q

Continuous beam

A

A beam supported at three or more points. It is considered structurally advantageous because if the span between two supports is overloaded, the rest of the beam assists in carrying the load

26
Q

Core Construction

A

No external braces involved; bracing is done within the core of the structure.

27
Q

Cross Wall

A

Any wall at right angles to any other wall the walls should brace one another

28
Q

Dead Load

A

The weight of a building; it consists of the weight of all materials of construction incorporated into a building, including but not limited to walls, floor, roofs, ceilings, stairways, built-in partitions, finishes, cladding, and other similarly incorporated architectural and structural items, as well as fixed service equipment, including the weight of cranes

29
Q

Deflection

A

The deformation or displacement of a structural member as a result of loads acting on it

30
Q

Demising Wall

A

Wall bounding a tenant space

31
Q

Diaphragm Floor

A

A floor designed to stiffen a building against wind and other lateral loads such as earthquakes

32
Q

Eccentric Load

A

A force that is perpendicular to the plan of the section but does not pass through the center of the section

33
Q

Fire Cut

A

The end of a joist that is cut at an angle to permit the joist to fall out of a wall without damaging the load-bearing wall

34
Q

Fire Load

A

The potential fuel available for a fire in a building

35
Q

Fire resistance

A

The ability of a material to avoid ignition, combustion, and the thermal effects of fire.

36
Q

Fire Wall

A

Wall with a fire-resistive rating and structural stability that separates buildings or subdivides a building to prevent the spread of fire

37
Q

Fixed Beam

A

Beam supported at two points and rigidity held in position at both points. This rigidity may cause collapse of a wall if the beam collapses and the rigid connection does not yield properly.

38
Q

Flitch Plate Girder

A

Made by sandwiching a piece of steel between two wooden beams

39
Q

Foundation

A

The lower division of a building that serves to transmit and anchor the loads from the superstructure directly to its earth or rock, usually below ground level

40
Q

Gang Nail

A

Another name for a gusset plate in a light-weight wood truss

41
Q

Girders

A

Beams that support other beams

42
Q

Gravity Connection

A

A connection that depnds on the weight of the building to hold it in place

43
Q

Gravity Resistance System

A

All of the structural elements of a building and the connections that support and transfer the loads

44
Q

Grillage

A

A series of closely spaced beams designed to carry a particularly heavy load

45
Q

Gusset Plat

A

In a lightweight wood truss, a connecting plate made of a thin sheet of steel used to connect the components of the truss

46
Q

Headers

A

Masonry units that overlap two or more adjoining wythes of masonry to tie them together

47
Q

Heat Release Rate (HRR)

A

The rate at which the potential heat in a fuel is released

48
Q

Homogeneous

A

When describing wall construction, a wall that acts as one unit (good bonding exists between bricks, blocks, and mortar)

49
Q

Hurricane Bracing

A

Components of a hurricane resistance system that prevent uplift of the components of a structure, including galvanized steel straps used to connect roof trusses to stud walls and anchor bolts used to connect stud walls with sill and sole plates

Building Construction - Chpt. 2 (1 decks)

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