Chapter 2

Question 1

Examples of SLDC models

Answer 1

Sequential (waterfall/ v model)

Iterative

Incremental

Question 2

Impact the choice SLDC has on testing?

Answer 2

Testing must be adapted to the SLDC to succeed

-scope + timing of test activities
-level of detail in test doc
-choice of test techniques and test approach
-extent of test automation
- role and responsibilities of a tester

Question 3

Where is testing performed in sequential models?

Answer 3

Executable code is usually created in the later phases - so dynamic testing can’t be performed early in the SLDC

Question 4

Where is testing performed in iterative and incremental models?

Answer 4

-each iteration delivers a product
-so in each iteration both static and dynamic can be performed at all levels
-frequent delivery of increments requires fast feedback + regression testing

Question 5

Agile software dev assumes that change may occur throughout the project, therefore…

Answer 5

• light work product documentation + extensive test automation is favoured
  -this is to make regression testing Easier

Question 6

What are the 4 good testing principles ?

Answer 6

1. For every software dev Activity, there is a corresponding test activity- QC
2. Diff test levels have different test objectives. Allows testing to be efficient and covers all aspects
3. Analysing and design for tests start early on so issues can be identified early.

4.testers are involved with reviewing work products as soon as drafts of this doc are available - supports shift left strategy

Question 7

Similarity between TDD, ATDD and BDD?

Answer 7

Similar development approaches

All implement early testing and follow shift left approach

Tests are defined before code is written

Support iterative dev model

Question 8

TDD?

Answer 8

Test driven development

-emphasis on writing tests before code
-once tests are in place, developers wrote minimum amount of code to make tests pass
- improve code to maintain and make readable

Question 9

ATDD?

Answer 9

Acceptance test driven Development

Derives tests from acceptance criteria

Tests written before the part of the application is developed to satisfy the tests

Question 10

BDD?

Answer 10

Behaviour driven development

Test cases written in form of natural language - given, when, then format

Test cases automatically translated into executable tests

Question 11

What is devops?

Answer 11

• creates synergy between developments and operations
• promotes autonomy
• fast feedback
  -continuous integration
  -promotes shift left
  -reducers need for manual testing

Question 12

So what is shift left approach ?

Answer 12

Testing done earlier in SLDC- not waiting for code or components to be integrated.

You can do this by: writing test cases before code is written

Completing static analysis of source code prior to dynamic testing

Performing non functional testing at the component level

Question 13

Cons of shift left?

Answer 13

Extra training
Money and effort earlier in process

Stakeholders should be convinced and bought into this concept

Question 14

What is retrospectives and why is it important?

Answer 14

Held at the end of project.

Www
What was not successful and could be improved

How to incorporate improvements

This increases quality of testware, team bonding, test basis, more cooperation between dev team and testing

Question 15

Test levels?

Answer 15

Groups of test activities

1. Component testing
2. Component integration testing
3. System testing
   System Integration testing
4. Acceptance testing

Question 16

Test types? (Functional) 1

Answer 16

Evaluate how components of a system should perform
What the test object should do

Question 17

Non functional testing? 2

Answer 17

How well system behaves - performance, security, usability, compatibility, maintainability, portability

Question 18

Black box 3

Answer 18

Checking how system behaves against its specifications
Derives tests from documentation external to test object

Question 19

White box testing? 4

Answer 19

Derives tests from internal structure such as it’s code

Needs to cover underlying structure by the tests to acceptable levels

Question 20

Maintenance testing?

Answer 20

Scope of maintenance testing involves
- degree of risk of change
- size of existing system
-size of change

Triggers are
-modifications
-upgrades
-end of life of application (retired)