Chapter 2

Question 1

General forms of research

Answer 1

scientific
research in humanities
atristic

Question 2

seeks to explain naturally occurring phenomenon in the natural world by generating credible theories.

Answer 2

scientific

Question 3

-seeks to define the purpose of human existence by tapping into historical facts and future possibilities

Answer 3

research in humanities

Question 4

-generates new knowledge through artisitic practicies such as defining new concepts, creating new processes and devising new methods.

Answer 4

artistic

Question 5

This research design follows a cyclical process. It is pragmatic and solution driven, and any information gathered is used to identify and implement a solution to a problem in the community.

Answer 5

action research

Question 6

This research design explores how a specific change (x) impacts a certain situation (y). Seeks to establish a cause & effect relationship.

Answer 6

causal design

Question 7

This research design answers who, what, when, where and how questions related to a particular research problem. This design is used to obtain information about the present situation to gain an understanding of a certain phenomenon

Answer 7

descriptive design

Question 8

The researcher controls the variables and manipulates them to determine possible effects

Answer 8

experimental design

Question 9

This research focuses on topics or problems which have had little or no studies done about it.

Answer 9

exploratory design

Question 10

This research design identifies a group with common characteristics who are then studies for a period of time.

Answer 10

cohort design

Question 11

This research design looks into a large group of people, composed of individuals with varied characteristics

Answer 11

cross sectional design

Question 12

This research design follows a group of people over a long period of time.

Answer 12

longitudinal design

Question 13

This research design is carried out in stages to gather sufficient data to test the hypothesis. This design combines cohort of cross sectional study as it identifies specific groups for each stage.

Answer 13

sequential design

Question 14

This research design primarily combines qualitative and quantitative research methods to gain a complete picture of the research problem.

Answer 14

mixed-method design

Question 15

characteristic of qualitative research

Answer 15

*It is conducted in a systematic and rigorous way.
*It follows an iterative process where data collection and analysis is done simultaneously
*Small samples are used in data gathering
*Collection of data is continuous until saturation

Question 16

This type of research examines human’s lived experiences through the descriptions provided by the subjects or informants.

Answer 16

phenomenological study

Question 17

This study involves the collection and analysis of data about cultural groups or minorities

Answer 17

ethnographic study

Question 18

In this type of study, the researcher ________ with the people and becomes part of their culture

Answer 18

immerses

Question 19

During immersion, the researcher talks to the key persons and personalities called __________ who provide important information for the study.

Answer 19

key informants

Question 20

In this type of study, the researcher immerses with the people and becomes part of their culture.
During immersion, the researcher talks to the key persons and personalities called key informants who provide important information for the study.

Answer 20

ethnographical study

Question 21

This study is concerned with the identification, location, evaluation, and synthesis of events from the past.

Answer 21

historical study

Question 22

Sources of data for a historical study are :

Answer 22

*documents
*relics and artifacts
*oral reports

Question 23

Printed materials that can be found in libraries, archives or personal collections

Answer 23

documents

Question 24

Physical remains or objects from a certain historical period

Answer 24

relics and artifacts

Question 25

Information that is passed on by word of mouth

Answer 25

oral reports

Question 26

Data sources are classified as

Answer 26

primary sources secondary sources

Question 27

Materials providing first hand information, e.g. oral histories, written records, diaries, eye witness accounts, pictures, videos and other physical evidence.

Answer 27

primary sources

Question 28

Secondhand information such as an account based on an original source or a material written as an abstract of the original materials.

Answer 28

secondary resources

Question 29

Validity of materials used in the study are assessed through:

Answer 29

internal criticism external criticism

Question 30

This involves establishing the authenticity or originality of the materials by looking at the consistency of information.

Answer 30

internal criticism

Question 31

This is based on the analysis of the material: the ink and the type of paper used, the layout and physical appearance, as well as the age and texture of the material itself.

Answer 31

external criticism

Question 32

It is an in-depth examination of an individual, groups of people, or an institution. It also involves a comprehensive ans extensive examination of a particular group or individual over a period of time.

Answer 32

case study

Question 33

The method involves comparing collected units of data against one another until categories, properties and hypotheses that state relations between these categories and properties emerge.

Answer 33

grounded theory study

Question 34

The main source of data for this type of research are the life accounts of individuals based on their personal experiences.

Answer 34

narrative analysis

Question 35

Common types of narrative analysis are:

Answer 35

psychological biographical discourse analysis

Question 36

This involves analyzing the story in terms of internal thoughts and motivations

Answer 36

psychological

Question 37

This takes the individual’s society and factors like gender and class into account.

Answer 37

biographical

Question 38

This studies the approach in which language is used in texts and contexts.

Answer 38

discourse analysis

Question 39

This type of research seeks to bring about change and empower individuals by describing and critiquing the social, cultural and psychological perspectives on present day contexts.

Answer 39

critical qualitative research

Question 40

The approach of this research seeks to analyze the facts that have been established as truths, and the ability of research and science to discover truth

Answer 40

post modern research

Question 41

This is used when a researcher is interested in identifying how individuals give meaning to a situation or phenomenon.

Answer 41

basic interpretative qualitative research

Question 42

STRENGTHS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH give atleast 3

Answer 42

*useful for describing complex phenomena *it provides individual case information *issues can be examined in detail and in depth

Question 43

WEAKNESSESS OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH give atleast 3

Answer 43

*difficult to make quantitative predictions *data analysis is often time consuming *inflexibility is more difficult to maintain, assess and demonstrate