Chapter 2

Question 1

C Year

Answer 1

1972

Question 2

Printf function

Answer 2

printing out (output)

Question 3

scanf

Answer 3

scans, recives input saves it into variable

Question 4

Preprocessor

Answer 4

modifies C program before compilation

Question 5

Library?

Answer 5

collection of useful functions and symbols that can be accessed by program. ends with “.h”

Question 6

preprocessor directive

Answer 6

It’s the hashtad that indicates to the program that it is a preprocessor

Question 7

Constant macro

Answer 7

Name replaced by a particular constant value before the program is sent to compiler (#define)

Question 8

C program’s main function?

Answer 8

int main() . marks the beginning of the function where the program begins.

Question 9

Declarations?

Answer 9

Spot creted in the memory for the values with these names. depending on the data type, the amount of memory for the variable. Has to be initialized

Question 10

Executable statements?

Answer 10

lines that are converted to machine language. Instructions executed by computer

Question 11

REserved words?

Answer 11

words that have a special meaning in c, basically, they cant be used for any other things than the specific function

Question 12

Standard identifier?

Answer 12

Reserved word but can be redefined (not recommended)

Question 13

User defined identifiers?

Answer 13

Names of memory cells that hold data

Question 14

User defined identifier rules

Answer 14

1. must consist of letter, digits and underscores
2. cannot begin with a digit
3. A C reserved word cannot be used as identifier
4. An identifier in C standard library should not be redefined

Question 15

Variable?

Answer 15

name associated with a memory cell whose value can change

Question 16

Variable declarations?

Answer 16

Statements that comunicate to the compiler the name and data type of variable

Question 17

Executable statementes

Answer 17

Follow declarations in a function and turne into machine language. used to code the algorithm

Question 18

Input operation

Answer 18

instruction that copies data from an input into a memory

Question 19

Output operation

Answer 19

an instruction that displays information stored in memory

Question 20

Input/output function

Answer 20

function that preforms an input output operation (T_T)

Question 21

Function call

Answer 21

calling or activating a function

Question 22

function argument

Answer 22

Part of a function enclosed in parenthesis

Question 23

% data types

Answer 23

%f: double or float printf, %f scanf
%d int
%c char

Question 24

for print f, what part of the argument will be printed

Answer 24

””

Question 25

What is the return statemendt

Answer 25

Transfers cotnrol from program to operating system (value 0 is optional)

Question 26

Why is program style important?

Answer 26

it is theoretically possible to write the C program in one line, but that is not easy to read. Style is important because of readability

Question 27

Why are comments useful?

Answer 27

They also enhance readability

Question 28

What are the data types of an expression

Answer 28

Mixed type expression, mixed type assignment, type cast

Question 29

What are mixed-type data expressions

Answer 29

Has operands of differet types

Question 30

mixed type assignment?

Answer 30

The expression is being evaluated and the variable to which it is assigned have different data types

Question 31

type cast

Answer 31

Converting an expression to a different type by writing the desired type in parenthesis in form of the expression

Question 32

Unary operator

Answer 32

One operator with one operand i.e. x = -y from right to left

Question 33

Binary operator

Answer 33

Operatorr with two operands i.e. x = y + z from left to right

Question 34

Rules for evaluating expressions

Answer 34

PEMDAS

Question 35

Numerical inaccuracies

Answer 35

representational error, cancellation error, arithmetic underflow, arithmetic overflow

Question 36

representational error

Answer 36

due to coding real number as finite number of binary digits

Question 37

cancellation error

Answer 37

applying arithmetic operation to operands of drastically different magnitudes

Question 38

arithmetic underflow

Answer 38

error which a small computational number shows up as 0

Question 39

arithmetic overflow

Answer 39

error that is an attemptt o represent a result that it too largee

Question 40

field width

Answer 40

number of columns used to display a value

Question 41

When using doubles, what needs to be specified?

Answer 41

total field width (number of decimal places desired)

Question 42

Interactive mode?

Answer 42

mode of program execution in which the user responds to prompts by entering data

Question 43

batch mode

Answer 43

mode of program execution in which the program cans its data from a previously prepared data file

Question 44

debugging

Answer 44

removing errors from programs

Question 45

Syntax error

Answer 45

violation of the C grammar rules(detected while compiling)

Question 46

Run time error

Answer 46

attempt to perform an invalid opeeration

Question 47

Logic errors

Answer 47

An error cause by follwoing an incorrect algorithm