Chapter 2 Flashcards
Variables
Things that can be changed
Behavior is a…
Dependent variable
Functional variables
Biological and environmental
Biological variables
Genetics like brain chemistry
Environmental variables
Things experience through senses
Dependent variable
Objectely measured target behavior
Correlation
If two variables are positively correlated they tend to occur together
Correlation doesn’t
Imply causation
Three components of behavioral experiment
- Dependent variable is behavior
- Falsifiable hypothesis
- Manipulation of independent variable
Independent variable
Publicly observable change, it influenced behavior in a specific way
Self report
Individual to recall if they have engaged in the behavior
Direct observation
Behavior is recorded as behavior occurs
Behavioral definition
Precise specification of the perimeters of the target behavior allowing observers to reliably identify instances and non instances
Social validity
The consumer of the intervention or an expert in the field indicates that the behavioral definition accurately reflects the behavior of interest
Interobserver agreement (IOA)
Evaluate the objectivity of behavioral definition, two people will use at the same time of observing the same behavior
Interobserver agreement also is
An extent to which two independent observers data are thr same after directly observing the same behavior
What is the IOA formula
IOA= agreement/(agreement +disagreement) x 100
The IOA can not be below ___ or it is invalid
90
What are the dimensions of behavior
- Frequency: response count divided by time or opportunity to respond
- Latency: interval of time between thr opportunity to respond and the response
- Duration: interval of time between start a day end of behavior
- Magnitude: force or intensity of a behavior
Four direct observation methods
- Outcome recording
- Event recording
- Interval recording
- Duration recording
Outcome recording
Observes distinct, observable, and lasting PRODUCTS of behavior
Not the actually behavior
Reactivity
When behavior changes because the individual is aware they are being watched
Event recording
Each instance of behavior is recorded at the moment it is recorded
Like the speed of a baseball
Interval recording
Partial-interval: direct observation method used to estimate how frequent a behavior occurs at ANY GIVEN TIME
Whole-interval: direct observation method used THROUGHOUT the experiment
Duration recording
Measuring latency or duration of behavior
Such as running a 100 meter dash
